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Technical note: Measurements and data analysis of sediment–water oxygen flux using a new dual-optode eddy covariance instrument
Biogeosciences ( IF 4.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-07 , DOI: 10.5194/bg-17-4459-2020
Markus Huettel , Peter Berg , Alireza Merikhi

Sediment–water oxygen fluxes are widely used as a proxy for organic carbon production and mineralization at the seafloor. In situ fluxes can be measured non-invasively with the aquatic eddy covariance technique, but a critical requirement is that the sensors of the instrument are able to correctly capture the high-frequency variations in dissolved oxygen concentration and vertical velocity. Even small changes in sensor characteristics during deployment as caused, e.g. by biofouling can result in erroneous flux data. Here we present a dual-optode eddy covariance instrument (2OEC) with two fast oxygen fibre sensors and document how erroneous flux interpretations and data loss can effectively be reduced by this hardware and a new data analysis approach. With deployments over a carbonate sandy sediment in the Florida Keys and comparison with parallel benthic advection chamber incubations, we demonstrate the improved data quality and data reliability facilitated by the instrument and associated data processing. Short-term changes in flux that are dubious in measurements with single oxygen sensor instruments can be confirmed or rejected with the 2OEC and in our deployments provided new insights into the temporal dynamics of benthic oxygen flux in permeable carbonate sands. Under steady conditions, representative benthic flux data can be generated with the 2OEC within a couple of hours, making this technique suitable for mapping sediment–water, intra-water column, or atmosphere–water fluxes.

中文翻译:

技术说明:使用新型双光电涡流协方差仪器对沉积物-水的氧气通量进行测量和数据分析

沉积物-水的氧气通量被广泛用作海底有机碳生产和矿化的替代物。可以使用水生涡流协方差技术无创地测量原位通量,但一个关键的要求是仪器的传感器能​​够正确捕获溶解氧浓度和垂直速度的高频变化。部署过程中传感器特性的微小变化(例如由生物污染引起的)都可能导致错误的流量数据。在这里,我们介绍了一种具有两个快速氧气传感器的双光电涡流协方差仪器(2OEC),并记录了如何通过这种硬件和新的数据分析方法有效地减少错误的通量解释和数据丢失。通过在佛罗里达礁岛上的碳酸盐砂质沉积物上进行的部署以及与平行底栖平流室孵化的比较,我们证明了仪器和相关数据处理促进了数据质量和数据可靠性的提高。2OEC可以确认或拒绝使用单个氧气传感器仪器进行测量时可疑的短期通量变化,并且在我们的部署中,可以提供对渗透性碳酸盐砂中底氧通量时间动态的新见解。在稳定条件下,2OEC可以在几个小时内生成代表性的底流通量数据,这使得该技术适用于绘制沉积物-水,水内柱或大气-水通量的地图。我们展示了仪器和相关数据处理所带来的改进的数据质量和数据可靠性。2OEC可以确认或拒绝使用单个氧气传感器仪器进行测量时可疑的短期通量变化,并且在我们的部署中,可以提供对渗透性碳酸盐砂中底氧通量的时间动态的新见解。在稳定条件下,2OEC可以在几个小时内生成代表性的底流通量数据,这使得该技术适用于绘制沉积物-水,水内柱或大气-水通量的地图。我们展示了仪器和相关数据处理所带来的改进的数据质量和数据可靠性。2OEC可以确认或拒绝使用单个氧气传感器仪器进行测量时可疑的短期通量变化,并且在我们的部署中,可以提供对渗透性碳酸盐砂中底氧通量的时间动态的新见解。在稳定条件下,2OEC可以在几个小时内生成代表性的底流通量数据,这使得该技术适用于绘制沉积物-水,水内柱或大气-水通量的地图。2OEC可以确认或拒绝使用单个氧气传感器仪器进行测量时可疑的短期通量变化,并且在我们的部署中,可以提供对渗透性碳酸盐砂中底氧通量时间动态的新见解。在稳定条件下,2OEC可以在几个小时内生成代表性的底流通量数据,这使得该技术适用于绘制沉积物-水,水内柱或大气-水通量的地图。2OEC可以确认或拒绝使用单个氧气传感器仪器进行测量时可疑的短期通量变化,并且在我们的部署中,可以提供对渗透性碳酸盐砂中底氧通量的时间动态的新见解。在稳定条件下,2OEC可以在几个小时内生成代表性的底流通量数据,这使得该技术适用于绘制沉积物-水,水内柱或大气-水通量的地图。
更新日期:2020-09-08
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