In addition to superhydrophobicity/superoleophobicity, surfaces with switchable water/oil repellency have also aroused considerable attention because of their potential values in microreactors, sensors, and microfluidics. Nevertheless, almost all those as‐prepared surfaces are only applicable for liquids with higher surface tension (γ > 25.0 mN m⁻¹) in air. In this work, inspired by some natural models, such as lotus leaf, springtail skin, and filefish skin, switchable repellency for liquids (γ = 12.0–72.8 mN m⁻¹) in both air and liquid is realized via employing 3D deformable multiply re‐entrant microstructures. Herein, the microstructures are fabricated by a two‐photon polymerization based 3D printing technique and the reversible deformation is elaborately tuned by evaporation‐induced bending and immersion‐induced fast recovery (within 30 s). Based on 3D controlled microstructural architectures, this work offers an insightful explanation of repellency/penetration behavior at any three‐phase interface and starts some novel ideas for manipulating opposite repellency by designing/fabricating stimuli‐responsive microstructures.

中文翻译：

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3D 仿生微结构可在空气和液体中切换排斥性

除了超疏水性/超疏油性之外，具有可切换拒水/拒油性能的表面也因其在微反应器、传感器和微流体中的潜在价值而引起了人们的广泛关注。然而，几乎所有这些制备的表面仅适用于空气中具有较高表面张力（γ > 25.0 mN m ^-1）的液体。在这项工作中，受到一些自然模型的启发，例如荷叶、弹尾鱼皮肤和文件鱼皮肤，通过采用3D可变形多重电阻实现了空气和液体中液体的可切换排斥性（γ = 12.0–72.8 mN m ^-1） ‐进入微观结构。在此，微结构是通过基于双光子聚合的3D打印技术制造的，并通过蒸发引起的弯曲和浸入引起的快速恢复（30秒内）精心调整可逆变形。基于 3D 控制的微观结构体系结构，这项工作对任何三相界面的排斥/渗透行为提供了深刻的解释，并提出了一些通过设计/制造刺激响应微观结构来操纵相反排斥性的新颖想法。