Abstract

Genetic diversity and colonization routes of noble salmons were studied using a partial nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial COI gene. The brown trout S. trutta, which is the most ancient species of the genus, was concluded to originate from the modern southeastern Pontic-Caspian area, which is currently inhabited by members of the subspecies S. trutta oxianus. Migrating westward while the Paratethys was in existence (5–34 million years ago), species of the genus colonized ancient water bodies in the modern Mediterranean basin and formed many isolated populations that survived desiccation of the Mediterranean Sea (5–6 million years ago). The Strait of Gibraltar mediated brown trout migrations to Northern Europe; the subspecies S. trutta trutta belongs to a relatively young phylogenetic lineage of the species. A separate brown trout lineage, currently classified as the subspecies S. trutta labrax, formed most likely in the area of the modern Danube basin, which was a relatively separate part of the Paratethys and was sometimes isolated as the Pannonian Lake. A highly divergent phylogenetic lineage of Atlantic salmon (S. salar) haplotypes originates from a haplotype of the brown trout that inhabited the area of the modern Strait of Gibraltar.

中文翻译：

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鲑属高贵鲑鱼的起源中心和定殖途径（Salmonidae，Actinopterigii）。

摘要

利用线粒体COI基因的部分核苷酸序列研究了高贵鲑鱼的遗传多样性和定殖途径。褐鳟鳟鱼（S. trutta）是该属中最古老的物种，被认为起源于现代的东南庞蒂克里海地区，该地区目前居住有褐鳟鱼亚种（S. trutta oxianus）。当Paratethys存在时（5–3,400万年前）向西迁移，该属的物种定居在现代地中海盆地的古代水域中，形成了许多孤立的种群，这些种群在地中海海域的干旱中幸存了下来（5–600万年前） 。直布罗陀海峡介导褐鳟迁移到北欧。亚种S. trutta trutta属于该物种的一个相对较新的系统发育谱系。在现代多瑙河盆地地区，最有可能形成了一个单独的褐鳟血统，目前被分类为特鲁特酵母（S. trutta labrax）亚种，该地区是Paratethys的一个相对独立的部分，有时被孤立为Pannonian湖。大西洋鲑（S. salar）单倍型的高度分化系统谱系起源于居住在现代直布罗陀海峡地区的褐鳟的单倍型。