Localization has become an important area of research with the development of wireless communication technologies. Of particular prominence within this area is Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANET), which plays an important role in many applications such as vehicle tracking, accident prevention, and efficient transportation. GPS technology, which can easily be integrated into vehicles has been instrumental in the development of localization-based applications. Furthermore, owing to the improvements in the wireless communication technologies such as Internet of Things (IoT), VANET localization can be implemented in places where GPS is not available. In this survey, we begin by providing a summary of the use cases of localization in VANET and highlight various techniques that are proposed in the literature. Moreover, we classify the studies in this area with respect to their methodologies, and discuss their respective advantages and disadvantages. Finally, we provide an overview of potential research topics for future research.

随着无线通信技术的发展，本地化已成为重要的研究领域。车载自组织网络（VANET）在这一领域尤为突出，它在许多应用中起着重要作用，例如车辆跟踪，事故预防和高效运输。可以轻松集成到车辆中的GPS技术在基于本地化的应用程序开发中发挥了重要作用。此外，由于诸如物联网（IoT）之类的无线通信技术的改进，VANET本地化可以在没有GPS的地方实现。在此调查中，我们首先提供VANET中本地化用例的摘要，然后重点介绍文献中提出的各种技术。此外，我们根据方法论对该领域的研究进行分类，并讨论它们各自的优缺点。最后，我们概述了未来研究的潜在研究主题。