Background

Our survey has found eleven plants that have being consumed for traditional treatment of diabetes mellitus, particularly in Saudi Arabia and generally in many countries across the world. The literature reported about trace elements such as Cr and Mn positively affecting diabetes mellitus. The aim of this work is to determine the total, accessible element species, and protein-fraction contents of Cr and Mn in the edible parts of those plants.

Methods

The total contents of Mn were determined by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), while the total contents of Cr was determined by ICP-sector field (sf)-mass spectrometry (MS) due to lower concentration. The protein-fraction contents were determined in accessible element species by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC)-ICP-MS.

Results and discussion

The separation was successfully carried out to quantify Cr and Mn bound up to 11 protein fractions. The examined plants recorded wide ranges of total contents (Cr 44.7–1880.0 μg/kg and Mn 3.7–59.0 mg/kg) and accessible element species contents (Cr 0.93–29.40 μg/kg and Mn 0.82–35.85 mg/kg). Also wide ranges of percentages of accessible element species contents to total contents of Cr (0.65–4.21%) and Mn (5.43–68.42%) were obtained. The hazardous indices of both trace elements Cr and Mn for all examined plants consumed by both children and adults were all < 1, indicating no probability of health risk to occur. Moreover, Cr as carcinogen element reported no probability of cancer risk to occur from the consumption of all examined plants. Irrespective of plant species, Cr was quantified in all SEC fractions (mainly protein fractions), with the exception of 1.9-3.7 kDa, while Mn was quantified in all SEC fractions with the exception of 100–120 and 1.3-3.7 kDa. Nevertheless, the majority of accessible Cr species contents bound to the 10–14 and 0.05–0.40 kDa fractions, while that of Mn bound to 0.05–0.40 kDa fraction. To gather, the benefits of specific plant species in terms of accessible Cr and Mn species contents, in addition to accessible Zn species contents reported in our previous study, Haloxylon Salicornicum, Olea Europaea Momordica and Charantia are recommended to be consumed for traditionally controlling T2DM.

中文翻译：

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用于传统抗糖尿病治疗的植物中的 Cr 和 Mn 总量、可及物种和蛋白质组分含量。

背景

我们的调查发现，有 11 种植物被用于糖尿病的传统治疗，特别是在沙特阿拉伯和世界上许多国家。文献报道了微量元素如 Cr 和 Mn 对糖尿病有积极影响。这项工作的目的是确定这些植物可食用部分中 Cr 和 Mn 的总的、可获取的元素种类和蛋白质组分含量。

方法

Mn 的总含量由电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法 (ICP-OES) 测定，而 Cr 的总含量由 ICP 扇形场 (sf)-质谱法 (MS) 测定，因为浓度较低。通过尺寸排阻色谱 (SEC)-ICP-MS 测定可及元素种类中的蛋白质级分含量。

结果和讨论

成功地进行了分离以量化结合多达 11 个蛋白质组分的 Cr 和 Mn。检查的植物记录了广泛的总含量（Cr 44.7-1880.0 μg/kg 和 Mn 3.7-59.0 mg/kg）和可及元素种类含量（Cr 0.93-29.40 μg/kg 和 Mn 0.82-35.85 mg/kg）。还获得了广泛的可及元素种类含量占 Cr (0.65–4.21%) 和 Mn (5.43–68.42%) 总含量的百分比。儿童和成人食用的所有受检植物的微量元素 Cr 和 Mn 的危险指数均 < 1，表明没有发生健康风险的可能性。此外，作为致癌元素的 Cr 报告说，食用所有检查的植物都没有发生癌症风险的可能性。不考虑植物种类，在所有 SEC 级分（主要是蛋白质级分）中都对 Cr 进行了量化，除 1.9-3.7 kDa 外，Mn 在所有 SEC 级分中进行量化，但 100-120 和 1.3-3.7 kDa 除外。然而，大多数可接近的 Cr 物质含量与 10-14 和 0.05-0.40 kDa 部分结合，而 Mn 与 0.05-0.40 kDa 部分结合。为了收集特定植物物种在可获得的 Cr 和 Mn 物种含量方面的益处，以及我们之前研究报告的可获得的 Zn 物种含量，梭梭Salicornicum，油橄榄苦瓜和苦瓜建议被消耗的传统控制2型糖尿病。