Abstract We report a hollow cylindrical granular system supporting highly tunable compression and rarefaction waves by varying particle thickness ratios. Soliton-like and mitigating waves are observed in the proposed granular chain with strain hardening and softening contact behaviors, respectively. Moreover, validated finite element (FE) models describing the contact behaviors and wave dynamics are adopted and specific relation between the contact behavior (i.e., nonlinear exponent) and geometric parameter (i.e., thickness ratio) is analyzed. The tunability of a one-dimensional hollow cylindrical granular chain by carrying out parametric studies for governing factors is demonstrated, including the impact velocity, impactor-to-particle mass ratio, particle thickness ratio, and particle number. An optimal impact mitigating efficiency can be obtained within a quite short chain, which is exceedingly favorable for the design and construction of impact mitigation systems. Results provide a novel design and methodology for various wave tuning and mitigation purposes.

中文翻译：

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由空心圆柱体组成的一维链中的可调行波特性：从压缩波到稀疏波

摘要我们报告了一种空心圆柱形颗粒系统，通过不同的颗粒厚度比支持高度可调的压缩和稀疏波。在所提出的粒状链中观察到类孤子波和缓解波，分别具有应变硬化和软化接触行为。此外，采用经过验证的有限元（FE）模型来描述接触行为和波动力学，并分析了接触行为（即非线性指数）与几何参数（即厚度比）之间的具体关系。通过对控制因素进行参数研究，证明了一维空心圆柱颗粒链的可调性，包括冲击速度、冲击器与颗粒质量比、颗粒厚度比和颗粒数。可以在很短的链内获得最佳的影响减轻效率，这对影响减轻系统的设计和建设非常有利。结果为各种波浪调谐和缓解目的提供了一种新颖的设计和方法。