Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is a resurging acute respiratory disease of humans primarily caused by the Gram-negative coccobacilli Bordetella pertussis, and less commonly by the human-adapted lineage of B. parapertussis_HU. The ovine-adapted lineage of B. parapertussis_OV infects only sheep, while B. bronchiseptica causes chronic and often asymptomatic respiratory infections in a broad range of mammals but rarely in humans. A largely overlapping set of virulence factors inflicts the pathogenicity of these bordetellae. Their genomes also harbor a pathogenicity island, named bsc locus, that encodes components of the type III secretion injectosome, and adjacent btr locus with the type III regulatory proteins. The Bsc injectosome of bordetellae translocates the cytotoxic BteA effector protein, also referred to as BopC, into the cells of the mammalian hosts. While the role of type III secretion activity in the persistent colonization of the lower respiratory tract by B. bronchiseptica is well recognized, the functionality of the type III secretion injectosome in B. pertussis was overlooked for many years due to the adaptation of laboratory-passaged B. pertussis strains. This review highlights the current knowledge of the type III secretion system in the so-called classical Bordetella species, comprising B. pertussis, B. parapertussis, and B. bronchiseptica, and discusses its functional divergence. Comparison with other well-studied bacterial injectosomes, regulation of the type III secretion on the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level, and activities of BteA effector protein and BopN protein, homologous to the type III secretion gatekeepers, are addressed.

百日咳，又称百日咳，是一种正在复苏的急性呼吸道疾病，主要由革兰氏阴性球菌引起 百日咳博德特氏菌，而较少采用人类适应的血统 百日咳杆菌_胡。绵羊适应的血统百日咳杆菌_OV 仅感染绵羊，而 支气管败血杆菌可在多种哺乳动物中引起慢性且通常无症状的呼吸道感染，但在人类中很少。大量重叠的毒力因子造成这些波尔德氏菌的致病性。他们的基因组还带有一个致病岛，名为平衡计分卡 编码III型分泌注射体组分的基因座 btrIII型调节蛋白的基因座。波尔多氏菌的Bsc注射体将细胞毒性BteA效应蛋白（也称为BopC）转运到哺乳动物宿主的细胞中。而III型分泌活动在下呼吸道持续定植中的作用支气管败血杆菌 众所周知，III型分泌注射体的功能 百日咳杆菌 由于采用了经过实验室验证的方法而被忽视了很多年 百日咳杆菌株。这篇评论重点介绍了所谓的经典中III型分泌系统的当前知识博德泰拉 物种，包括 百日咳杆菌，副百日咳杆菌和 支气管败血杆菌，并讨论其功能差异。与其他经过深入研究的细菌注射体的比较，在转录和转录后水平上对III型分泌的调节，以及与III型分泌看门人同源的BteA效应蛋白和BopN蛋白的活性。