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Large‐scale land investments, household displacement, and the effect on land degradation in semiarid agro‐pastoral areas of Ethiopia
Land Degradation & Development ( IF 4.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-04 , DOI: 10.1002/ldr.3756
Adugna Eneyew Bekele 1, 2 , Dusan Drabik 2 , Liesbeth Dries 2 , Wim Heijman 2, 3
Affiliation  

Agro‐pastoral areas in Ethiopia have been targeted by large‐scale land investments, particularly for the establishment of sugar plantations, since the 1970s. This has led to the displacement of local communities. We investigate the impact of this displacement due to large‐scale land investment on land degradation in semiarid agro‐pastoral areas in Ethiopia. We conducted a survey of 866 households in two agro‐pastoral sites in Ethiopia in 2019, where extensive large‐scale land investment was implemented. We use an endogenous (switching) treatment model to assess the effect of the displacement of households on land degradation. The result shows that 75% of the surveyed households experienced moderate–severe land degradation. Forestlands and grasslands are ranked as the most degraded areas. About 43.7% of the households face a reduction in herd size and 55.8% lost land due to large‐scale land investment, while 86% of the households show a substantial decline in crops and livestock productivity due to land degradation. The results also reveal that the displacement of households leads to a significant increase in land degradation. Household exposure to drought and conflict, the number of livestock, overgrazing, and sharecropping are other drivers of land degradation. Market access, extension services, household income, and mobility, on the other hand, limit the occurrence of land degradation. We conclude that the shifts in property rights from common land used by pastoralists to private land in large‐scale plantations aggravate land degradation in semiarid drylands.

中文翻译:

埃塞俄比亚半干旱农牧区的大规模土地投资,家庭流离失所及其对土地退化的影响

自1970年代以来,埃塞俄比亚的农牧区一直是大规模土地投资的目标,特别是建立糖料种植园。这导致了当地社区的流离失所。我们调查了埃塞俄比亚半干旱农牧区因大规模土地投资而造成的流离失所对土地退化的影响。我们在2019年对埃塞俄比亚两个农牧区的866户家庭进行了调查,在该农户实施了大规模的大规模土地投资。我们使用内生(转换)处理模型来评估家庭流离失所对土地退化的影响。结果表明,有75%的被调查家庭遭受了中度至严重的土地退化。林地和草原被列为退化最严重的地区。大约43。由于大规模的土地投资,有7%的家庭面临着放牧规模的减少和55.8%的土地流失,而由于土地退化,有86%的家庭表现出庄稼和牲畜生产力的大幅下降。结果还表明,家庭的流离失所导致土地退化的明显增加。家庭遭受干旱和冲突,牲畜数量,过度放牧和农作物耕种是土地退化的其他驱动因素。另一方面,市场准入,推广服务,家庭收入和流动性限制了土地退化的发生。我们得出的结论是,财产权从牧民使用的普通土地向大规模种植园中的私有土地的转移加剧了半干旱旱地的土地退化。而86%的家庭由于土地退化而导致农作物和牲畜生产力大幅下降。结果还表明,家庭的流离失所导致土地退化的明显增加。家庭遭受干旱和冲突,牲畜数量,过度放牧和农作物耕种是土地退化的其他驱动因素。另一方面,市场准入,推广服务,家庭收入和流动性限制了土地退化的发生。我们得出的结论是,财产权从牧民使用的普通土地向大规模种植园中的私有土地的转移加剧了半干旱旱地的土地退化。而86%的家庭由于土地退化而导致农作物和牲畜生产力大幅下降。结果还表明,家庭的流离失所导致土地退化的明显增加。家庭遭受干旱和冲突,牲畜数量,过度放牧和农作物耕种是土地退化的其他驱动因素。另一方面,市场准入,推广服务,家庭收入和流动性限制了土地退化的发生。我们得出的结论是,财产权从牧民使用的普通土地向大规模种植园中的私有土地的转移加剧了半干旱旱地的土地退化。结果还表明,家庭的流离失所导致土地退化的明显增加。家庭遭受干旱和冲突,牲畜数量,过度放牧和农作物耕种是土地退化的其他驱动因素。另一方面,市场准入,推广服务,家庭收入和流动性限制了土地退化的发生。我们得出的结论是,财产权从牧民使用的普通土地向大规模种植园中的私有土地的转移加剧了半干旱旱地的土地退化。结果还表明,家庭的流离失所导致土地退化的明显增加。家庭遭受干旱和冲突,牲畜数量,过度放牧和农作物耕种是土地退化的其他驱动因素。另一方面,市场准入,推广服务,家庭收入和流动性限制了土地退化的发生。我们得出的结论是,财产权从牧民使用的普通土地向大规模种植园中的私有土地的转移加剧了半干旱旱地的土地退化。
更新日期:2020-09-04
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