Abstract This article presents a quasi-static and dynamic study of the energy absorption of aluminium and composite foams by investigating four types of cast foams produced by different technologies: foaming in liquid state, casting metal around granule and gas foaming and continuous rolling. Aluminium alloys were the base material. The main intention of the article is to present the results confirming the possibility of using aluminium-based foams in the liquefied natural gas tanks. For this reason, the main goal of the research was to evaluate the energy absorption and structural stability at sub-zero as well as extremely high temperatures. The low temperature of liquefied methane (−163 °C) was particularly important because low temperatures can reduce the strength of aluminium foams, which decreases their durability and influence the overall structural safety. The combustibility of aluminium foams and composite foams was also tested. The composite foam named 445, manufactured by the authors, underwent a combustibility test and retained its original dimensions, while other foams were partially melted. The advantageous durability at extremely low (−175 °C) and high (750 °C) temperatures suggest that such materials can significantly increase the safety and durability of liquefied natural gas tanks against fire, quasi-static and impact loading.

中文翻译：

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在极低温和高温下测试的铸造金属和复合泡沫的能量吸收

摘要 本文通过研究由不同技术生产的四种铸造泡沫：液态发泡、颗粒周围铸造金属和气体发泡以及连续轧制，对铝和复合泡沫的能量吸收进行了准静态和动态研究。铝合金是基础材料。这篇文章的主要目的是展示证实在液化天然气罐中使用铝基泡沫的可能性的结果。出于这个原因，研究的主要目标是评估在零以下和极高温度下的能量吸收和结构稳定性。液化甲烷的低温（-163 °C）尤为重要，因为低温会降低泡沫铝的强度，这会降低其耐用性并影响整体结构安全性。还测试了泡沫铝和复合泡沫的可燃性。作者制造的名为 445 的复合泡沫经过可燃性测试并保持其原始尺寸，而其他泡沫则部分熔化。在极低 (-175 °C) 和高 (750 °C) 温度下的优越耐用性表明，此类材料可以显着提高液化天然气罐的安全性和耐用性，抵抗火灾、准静态和冲击载荷。