Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with increasing incidence and prevalence in developed countries. The presence of inflammatory cytokines is considered the main detrimental factor in severe types of IBD. The Nrf2 transcription factor plays an important role in reducing the expression of inflammatory agents such as interleukin (IL)-1β and increasing reparative factors such as IL-11. Resveratrol, a plant-derived phenolic compound, reduces the damage in chronic experimentally induced colitis. Twenty patients with UC and also 20 healthy controls were recruited in this study. The proteins expression of Nrf2 and IL-1β was assessed in colonic biopsies by Western blotting. Caco-2 cells were challenged with TNF-α (in vitro simulation of UC), in the presence or not of 190 nM (24 h) and 75 nM (48 h) Resveratrol. Then, Nrf2 and IL-1β in gene and protein expression were measured by real time-PCR and Western blotting in different treatments. Finally, IL-11 proteins expression was measured in culture supernatant by ELISA. A significant increase of IL-1β protein was detected in inflamed colonic tissues from UC patients compared with the control individuals. In Caco-2 cells challenged with TNF-α, protein expression of IL-1β and p-Nrf2 showed an increase, while gene expression of Nrf2 did not show a significant difference. After treatment with Resveratrol, both IL-1β mRNA and protein levels were reduced, while IL-11 protein levels showed any increase. The p-Nrf2 is a dominant form which is prevalent in inflamed tissues from UC patients. Resveratrol can reverse the inflammatory effects of TNF-α by reducing IL-1β and increasing IL-11 production.

溃疡性结肠炎（UC）是一种炎症性肠病（IBD），在发达国家其发病率和患病率均在上升。炎症细胞因子的存在被认为是IBD严重类型的主要有害因素。Nrf2转录因子在减少炎症因子（如白介素（IL）-1β）的表达和增加修复因子（如IL-11）中起着重要作用。白藜芦醇，一种植物来源的酚类化合物，可减少慢性实验性结肠炎的损害。本研究招募了20名UC患者以及20名健康对照。通过蛋白质印迹在结肠活检中评估Nrf2和IL-1β的蛋白表达。在存在或不存在190 nM（24 h）和75 nM（48 h）白藜芦醇的情况下，用TNF-α（UC的体外模拟）攻击Caco-2细胞。然后，通过实时荧光定量PCR和蛋白质印迹法检测Nrf2和IL-1β在不同处理中的基因和蛋白表达。最后，通过ELISA测量培养上清液中的IL-11蛋白表达。与对照组相比，在UC患者发炎的结肠组织中检测到IL-1β蛋白显着增加。在受到TNF-α攻击的Caco-2细胞中，IL-1β和p-Nrf2的蛋白质表达增加，而Nrf2的基因表达增加没有显着差异。用白藜芦醇治疗后，IL-1βmRNA和蛋白质水平均降低，而IL-11蛋白水平则显示出任何升高。p-Nrf2是显性形式，普遍存在于UC患者的发炎组织中。白藜芦醇可以通过减少IL-1β和增加IL-11的产生来逆转TNF-α的炎症作用。