Acid mine drainage (AMD) is difficult to treat due to its physicochemical characteristics, such as high pH and high heavy metal concentrations, so it causes great harm to the environment and human health. If acid mine drainage is discharged arbitrarily without treatment, it will lead to a series of environmental problems and cause long-term environmental pollution. In this paper, the source and hazards of acid mine drainage are introduced in detail. And the principle, the mechanism, the application, and basic information of the current primary technology of the treatment for acid mine drainage are comprehensively introduced and summarized. The summarized treatment technologies for acid mine drainage mainly include neutralization, sulfidization, constructed wetland method, adsorption method, microbiological method, ion exchange method, membrane technology, and microbial fuel cell technology. Also, the primary technology of treatment for acid mine drainage is systematically compared and evaluated. Moreover, some suggestions on the development direction of water treatment technology in the future are put forward. This paper provides a scientific reference for scientific and technical works to treat acid mine drainage.

中文翻译：

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酸性矿山排水处理技术的发展与现状

酸性矿山排水（AMD）由于具有高pH值、高重金属浓度等物理化学特性，处理难度大，对环境和人体健康造成极大危害。如果酸性矿山排水不经处理就随意排放，将导致一系列环境问题，造成长期的环境污染。本文详细介绍了酸性矿山排水的来源和危害。并对当前酸性矿山排水处理初级技术的原理、机理、应用和基本信息进行了全面的介绍和总结。概括的酸性矿山排水处理技术主要有中和法、硫化法、人工湿地法、吸附法、微生物法、离子交换法、膜技术和微生物燃料电池技术。同时，对酸性矿山排水的主要处理技术进行了系统比较和评价。并对未来水处理技术的发展方向提出了一些建议。本文为处理酸性矿山排水的科技工作提供了科学参考。