With the increase of the global average temperature year after year, dry reforming of methane to synthetic gas as a way to deal with reaction between greenhouse gases CO₂ and CH₄, therefore, has become a research focus. In this work, using an impregnation method, nickel nitrate was loaded onto attapulgite (ATP) support, which is a low-cost natural mineral material, followed by coating with Ce, Mn and Mg oxide shell. After calcining treatment, Ni–ATP@M (M = Ce, Mg, Mn) sandwich-like structure catalysts were successfully prepared. Compared with Ni/ATP, the sandwich-like structure catalysts showed better conversion rate and stability. Interestingly, the Ce and Mg oxide-modified catalysts affected the surface area with strong interaction and catalyst basicity leading to the improvement of catalyst performance. MnO can increase the electron cloud densities of Ni and the rate of hydrogen spill-over and accelerate C–O dissociation. Among the three catalysts, Ni–ATP@Ce afforded the highest conversion of CH₄ (58%) and CO₂ (74%) at a reaction temperature of 700 °C and a ratio of methane to carbon dioxide of 1 : 1, mainly attributed to highest amount of oxygen vacancies and Ni⁰ on the catalyst surface.

中文翻译：

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凹凸棒石天然粘土上负载的镍基催化剂在甲烷干法重整中的应用

随着全球平均温度的逐年提高，将甲烷干法重整为合成气是应对温室气体CO ₂和CH ₄之间反应的一种方式。因此，已成为研究重点。在这项工作中，使用一种浸渍方法，将硝酸镍加载到凹凸棒石（ATP）载体上，后者是一种低成本的天然矿物材料，然后用Ce，Mn和Mg氧化物壳进行涂层。经过煅烧处理后，成功制备了Ni–ATP @ M（M = Ce，Mg，Mn）三明治状结构催化剂。与Ni / ATP相比，这种三明治结构的催化剂具有更好的转化率和稳定性。有趣的是，Ce和Mg氧化物改性的催化剂以强相互作用和催化剂碱度影响表面积，从而导致催化剂性能的提高。MnO可以增加Ni的电子云密度和氢的溢出速率，并加速C–O的离解。在这三种催化剂中，Ni-ATP @ Ce提供了最高的CH转化率在700℃的反应温度和甲烷与二氧化碳的比例为1：1的情况下，其含量为₄（58％）和CO ₂（74％），这主要归因于催化剂表面上最大的氧空位和Ni ⁰量。