In this study, maize landraces, previously collected from different regions of Turkey through a national maize breeding project, were screened for kernel oil content and oil quality. After a seed reproduction in 2017, the screening trial was conducted in 2018, using an Augmented Experimental Design with 192 local maize populations along with seven check hybrids. Data were collected on oil, oleic acid, linoleic acid, monounsaturated (MUFA), polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids, total carotenoid and total tocopherol contents. The results showed that there was a considerable amount of genetic variation among the Turkish maize landraces for almost all the traits investigated in this study. Some of the evaluated landraces are available that could be considered as high oil variety or special genotypes in terms of certain oil quality traits. Landraces had significantly higher values than checks for oil content, oleic acid, MUFA and tocopherol contents. Genetic analyses suggest that the kernel quality traits could be successfully manipulated using the investigated plant material. Heritability values were found high for all the traits of interest, except for saturated fatty acid and total carotenoid content. The promising landraces detected in this study could be exploited in future breeding programmes upon further evaluations at the population level.

中文翻译：

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筛选土耳其玉米地方品种的籽粒油含量和油质性状

在这项研究中，对先前通过国家玉米育种项目从土耳其不同地区采集的玉米地方品种进行了籽粒含油量和油质筛选。在 2017 年进行种子繁殖后，筛选试验于 2018 年进行，采用增强实验设计，包括 192 个当地玉米种群和 7 个检查杂交种。收集关于油、油酸、亚油酸、单不饱和 (MUFA)、多不饱和和饱和脂肪酸、总类胡萝卜素和总生育酚含量的数据。结果表明，土耳其玉米地方品种中几乎所有本研究调查的性状都存在相当数量的遗传变异。一些被评估的地方品种可以被认为是高油品种或在某些油质性状方面的特殊基因型。地方品种的油含量、油酸、MUFA 和生育酚含量的值显着高于检查值。遗传分析表明，使用所研究的植物材料可以成功地操纵籽粒质量性状。除饱和脂肪酸和总类胡萝卜素含量外，所有感兴趣的性状的遗传力值都很高。在本研究中检测到的有前景的地方品种可以在未来的育种计划中通过在种群水平上的进一步评估加以利用。饱和脂肪酸和总类胡萝卜素含量除外。在本研究中检测到的有前景的地方品种可以在未来的育种计划中通过在种群水平上的进一步评估加以利用。饱和脂肪酸和总类胡萝卜素含量除外。在本研究中检测到的有前景的地方品种可以在未来的育种计划中通过在种群水平上的进一步评估加以利用。