Natural rubber-grafted polyaniline with a nanomatrix structure was prepared and characterized. The graft copolymerization of aniline on natural rubber was performed in the latex stage. Factorial experimental design and univariate experiments were used to evaluate the effect of the factors on the conversion of aniline in the graft copolymerization. The structure of the products was characterized through 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The thermal properties, electrical conductivity, and morphology of the products were investigated. The results from the factorial experimental design showed that reaction temperature was the most important factor affecting the conversion, pH was the next most important, and the other factors were relatively unimportant. Polyaniline was confirmed to graft onto natural rubber and form a nanomatrix structure in the resulting material. The thermal properties and electrical conductivity of natural rubber-grafted polyaniline with a nanomatrix structure were improved compared to those of a polyaniline/natural rubber blend with an island-matrix structure. Natural rubber-grafted-polyaniline with nanomatrix structure was prepared through graft-copolymerization. The effect of parameters on the graft-copolymerization was investigated using factorial experimental design and univariate experiments. The structural characterization of the resulting materials through NMR spectroscopy confirmed that aniline was grafted on the natural rubber. As observed in TEM image, polyaniline, which covered the natural rubber particles, formed the nanomatrix, and natural rubber particles formed the dispersed phase. The thermal properties and electrical conductivity of natural rubber-grafted-polyaniline were improved by the formation of nanomatrix structure.

中文翻译：

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天然橡胶中聚苯胺纳米基质的制备

制备并表征了具有纳米基质结构的天然橡胶接枝聚苯胺。苯胺在天然橡胶上的接枝共聚是在乳胶阶段进行的。使用因子实验设计和单变量实验来评估这些因素对接枝共聚中苯胺转化率的影响。产物的结构通过1H-NMR光谱表征。对产物的热性能、电导率和形貌进行了研究。析因实验设计的结果表明，反应温度是影响转化率的最重要因素，pH 次之，其他因素相对不重要。聚苯胺被证实接枝到天然橡胶上并在所得材料中形成纳米基质结构。与具有岛基结构的聚苯胺/天然橡胶共混物相比，具有纳米基体结构的天然橡胶接枝聚苯胺的热性能和电导率得到改善。通过接枝共聚反应制备了具有纳米基质结构的天然橡胶接枝聚苯胺。使用析因实验设计和单变量实验研究了参数对接枝共聚的影响。通过核磁共振光谱对所得材料的结构表征证实苯胺接枝在天然橡胶上。正如在 TEM 图像中所观察到的，覆盖天然橡胶颗粒的聚苯胺形成了纳米基质，和天然橡胶颗粒形成分散相。天然橡胶接枝聚苯胺的热性能和电导率通过纳米基质结构的形成得到改善。