Monocytes are critical mediators of the inflammatory response following myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemia-reperfusion injury. They are involved in both initiation and resolution of inflammation and play an integral role in cardiac repair. The antagonistic nature of their function is dependent on their subset heterogeneity and biphasic response following injury. New advancements in single-cell transcriptomics and mass cytometry have allowed us to identify smaller, transcriptionally distinct clusters which may have functional relevance in disease and homeostasis. Additionally, recent insights into the spatiotemporal dynamics of monocytes following ischemic injury and their subsequent interactions with the endothelium and other immune cells reveal a complex interplay between monocytes and the cardiac milieu. In this mini-review, we highlight recent findings on monocyte functional heterogeneity, present new mechanistic insight into monocyte recruitment and fate specification following MI, and discuss promising therapeutic avenues targeting monocytes for the treatment of ischemic heart disease.

中文翻译：

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心肌梗塞后的单核细胞募集和命运规范。

单核细胞是心肌梗死 (MI) 和缺血再灌注损伤后炎症反应的关键介质。它们参与炎症的发生和消退，并在心脏修复中发挥不可或缺的作用。它们功能的拮抗性质取决于它们的亚群异质性和损伤后的双相反应。单细胞转录组学和质谱流式细胞术的新进展使我们能够识别出较小的、转录上不同的簇，这些簇可能与疾病和体内平衡具有功能相关性。此外，最近对缺血性损伤后单核细胞的时空动态及其与内皮和其他免疫细胞的相互作用的最新见解揭示了单核细胞与心脏环境之间复杂的相互作用。在这篇迷你评论中，