Background

Guizhou Province of China implements a vaccination program specifying that children’s vaccination records are to be checked upon entry to kindergarten and primary school; children missing one or more recommended vaccinations are to be offered the missed vaccinations; school-level vaccination coverage levels are assessed at the time of school enrollment and six months later to monitor compliance rates.

Methods

We obtained the number of doses of each vaccine in the national immunization schedule that were administered before and six months after kindergarten and school enrollment and reported to Guizhou Province during 2004 through 2018. We determined temporal trends in coverage of the second dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV2) and other vaccines, incidence of measles, and number of school-based measles outbreaks.

Results

MCV2 coverage at kindergarten entry increased from 53% in 2004 to 98% in 2018. Among children missing one or more vaccinations, the six-month catch-up rate of MCV2 increased from 80% in 2004 to 99% in 2018. Among primary school children, coverage of MCV2 and other recommended vaccines had similar increases. The annual incidence of measles among Guizhou’s total population declined from 280 per million in 2003 to 0.3 per million in 2018. There have been no measles outbreaks in kindergartens or schools since 2015.

Conclusions

Checking vaccination record at kindergartens and primary schools and providing necessary catch-up vaccination was associated with increased coverage of measles and other vaccines, lower incidence of measles, and an apparent end to school-based measles outbreaks. Guizhou’s experience of checking vaccination records at school enrollment led to implementation of this strategy in other provinces. In 2019, the kindergarten and school entry vaccination record check program was incorporated into China’s national vaccine law.