Since their introduction by Philip G. Jessop and co-workers in 2005, switchable-hydrophilicity solvents (SHS), have gained a wide acceptance among scientists working in the field of separation sciences for large- and small-scale extractions due to their greenness, ease of applicability, cost-effectiveness and rapidness of separation, among other advantages. This article presents a review of switchable-hydrophilicity solvent liquid-liquid microextraction (SHS-LLME) of metal ions and organic compounds which are of special interest in environmental, food, industrial, pharmaceutical and biological research. Types of SHS, their synthesis, chemistry and applications in liquid-liquid microextraction are reviewed. Factors affecting the extraction efficiency of SHS-LLME, combination of the method with other sample preparation techniques as well as trends and future aspects are discussed.

自Philip G. Jessop及其同事于2005年提出可转换的亲水性溶剂（SHS）以来，由于其绿色环保，已在分离科学领域进行大规模和小规模提取的科学家中得到了广泛认可，易于应用，成本效益高，分离速度快等优点。本文介绍了金属离子和有机化合物的可切换亲水性溶剂液-液微萃取（SHS-LLME）的综述，这在环境，食品，工业，制药和生物学研究中特别有意义。综述了SHS的类型，其合成，化学性质以及在液-液微萃取中的应用。影响SHS-LLME提取效率的因素，