This study examines the hypothesis that social capital can be a foundation for community disaster resilience with an analysis of empirical findings from the August 2018 earthquake recovery on Gili Trawangan, Indonesia, a globally known coastal tourism destination. Positive links between community social capital and community disaster resilience are hypothesized, but the extent to which an iterative and interdependent relationship is co-shaping both is less understood. Social capital can enable collective action, providing self-organized social, psychological, financial and material resources following a disaster, that may otherwise need to be provided externally. In turn, disasters create collective action problems where collective response and recovery process are needed, creating an institutional space where the degree of usefulness, meaning and function of social capital can be shaped, recognized and drawn upon, often where external aid is insufficient. These relationships can be observed following disasters, because individuals and communities are often linked through emotive and meaningful sequences of common experiences, actions and activities. Findings descriptively detail Gili Trawangan’s response and recovery process through the events and activities that occurred, and are then theoretically analyzed with a social capital framework including bonding (within group), bridging (between group) and linking (across power and institutional) ties. Three conclusions can be summarized. (1) Community social capital and disaster resilience are iteratively co-shaped through collective experiences, actions and activities. (2) Understanding context is critical for understanding if and to what degree this relationship exists. (3) The mechanism through which social capital enhances resilience is that it can enable collective action that can lead to the provision of needed aid and services.

本研究通过分析 2018 年 8 月在全球知名的沿海旅游目的地印度尼西亚吉利特拉旺安地震恢复的经验结果，检验了社会资本可以成为社区抗灾能力的基础这一假设。假设社区社会资本和社区抗灾能力之间存在积极联系，但人们对一种迭代和相互依存的关系共同塑造两者的程度知之甚少。社会资本可以促成集体行动，在灾难发生后提供自组织的社会、心理、财政和物质资源，否则这些资源可能需要外部提供。反过来，灾害在需要集体应对和恢复过程的地方产生集体行动问题，创造了一个制度空间，其中有用程度、社会资本的意义和功能通常可以在外部援助不足的情况下被塑造、认识和利用。这些关系可以在灾难发生后观察到，因为个人和社区通常通过共同经历、行动和活动的情感和有意义的序列联系在一起。研究结果通过所发生的事件和活动详细描述了 Gili Trawangan 的反应和恢复过程，然后用社会资本框架进行了理论上的分析，包括结合（群体内）、桥接（群体之间）和链接（跨权力和机构）纽带。可以总结出三个结论。(1) 社区社会资本和抗灾能力是通过集体经验、行动和活动迭代地共同塑造的。(2) 理解上下文对于理解这种关系是否存在以及存在的程度至关重要。(3) 社会资本增强复原力的机制是它可以促成集体行动，从而提供所需的援助和服务。