Specific features of the morphological and structural characteristics of nanopowder particles fabricated by grinding bulk natural diamond and by detonation synthesis are investigated. It is shown by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and low-angle X-ray scattering that, in contrast with the detonation synthesis nanopowder, which consists of similar in size and isometrically primary particles, natural diamond particles fabricated by grinding have a broader spread in regards to size and a preferentially platelet form. It is established by the X-ray structural phase analysis and Raman spectroscopy used in addition to above-listed methods that the structure of particles of nanodiamond formed from natural diamond is similar to the structure of detonation-synthesis nanodiamond. Each particle of natural nanopowder, similarly to detonation-synthesis nanodiamond, consists of a diamond core having a crystal lattice of the cubic crystal system and a shell containing mainly nondiamond forms of carbon with sp² hybridization with a complex structure. The data on the evaluation of the average particle size of nanopowders of natural diamond and detonation synthesis by three methods, including BET, show results that satisfactorily agree with each other. Herewith, an average particle size of natural powder nanoparticles is close to 24 nm, while that of detonation-synthesis nanodiamonds of the UDA-S-GO brand produced by FRPC Altai is close to 5.6 nm. An insignificant increase in interatomic distances in diamond nanocrystals is revealed when compared with the bulk diamond crystal. The investigation and analysis of numerous images of natural diamond nanocrystals and detonation synthesis nanocrystals formed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy show that the dislocations and point defects are most often defects in nanodiamonds.

中文翻译：

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天然金刚石磨碎与爆轰合成纳米粉体的形貌和结构特征比较

研究了通过研磨大块天然金刚石并通过爆轰合成制备的纳米粉末颗粒的形态和结构特征的特定特征。高分辨率透射电子显微镜，扫描电子显微镜和低角度X射线散射表明，与由尺寸相似，等轴初级粒子组成的爆轰合成纳米粉相反，通过研磨制备的天然金刚石粒子在尺寸和优选血小板形式方面具有更广泛的分布。除上述方法外，还通过X射线结构相分析和拉曼光谱法确定，由天然金刚石形成的纳米金刚石颗粒的结构类似于爆轰合成纳米金刚石的结构。sp ²具有复杂结构的杂交。通过三种方法（包括BET）评估天然钻石纳米粉体的平均粒径和爆轰合成的数据表明，结果令人满意。因此，天然粉末纳米粒子的平均粒径接近24nm，而FRPC Altai生产的UDA-S-GO品牌的爆轰合成纳米金刚石的平均粒径接近5.6nm。与块状金刚石晶体相比，金刚石纳米晶体的原子间距离无明显增加。对高分辨透射电镜形成的天然金刚石纳米晶体和爆轰合成纳米晶体的大量图像的研究和分析表明，位错和点缺陷是纳米金刚石中最常见的缺陷。