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The impact of autophagy during the development and survival of glioblastoma.
Open Biology ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-02 , DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200184
Joanne E Simpson 1 , Noor Gammoh 1
Affiliation  

Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive adult brain tumour, with poor median survival and limited treatment options. Following surgical resection and chemotherapy, recurrence of the disease is inevitable. Genomic studies have identified key drivers of glioblastoma development, including amplifications of receptor tyrosine kinases, which drive tumour growth. To improve treatment, it is crucial to understand survival response processes in glioblastoma that fuel cell proliferation and promote resistance to treatment. One such process is autophagy, a catabolic pathway that delivers cellular components sequestered into vesicles for lysosomal degradation. Autophagy plays an important role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and is upregulated during stress conditions, such as limited nutrient and oxygen availability, and in response to anti-cancer therapy. Autophagy can also regulate pro-growth signalling and metabolic rewiring of cancer cells in order to support tumour growth. In this review, we will discuss our current understanding of how autophagy is implicated in glioblastoma development and survival. When appropriate, we will refer to findings derived from the role of autophagy in other cancer models and predict the outcome of manipulating autophagy during glioblastoma treatment.



中文翻译:

自噬对胶质母细胞瘤发展和存活的影响。

胶质母细胞瘤是最常见和最具侵袭性的成人脑肿瘤,中位生存期较差,治疗选择有限。手术切除和化疗后,疾病的复发是不可避免的。基因组研究已经确定了胶质母细胞瘤发展的关键驱动因素,包括驱动肿瘤生长的受体酪氨酸激酶的扩增。为了改善治疗,了解胶质母细胞瘤的存活反应过程至关重要,这些过程会促进细胞增殖并促进对治疗的抵抗。一个这样的过程是自噬,这是一种分解代谢途径,可将隔离在囊泡中的细胞成分输送到溶酶体降解中。自噬在维持细胞稳态方面起着重要作用,并在压力条件下上调,例如有限的营养和氧气供应,并响应抗癌治疗。自噬还可以调节癌细胞的促生长信号和代谢重组,以支持肿瘤生长。在这篇综述中,我们将讨论我们目前对自噬如何与胶质母细胞瘤的发展和存活有关的理解。在适当的时候,我们将参考自噬在其他癌症模型中的作用得出的结果,并预测在胶质母细胞瘤治疗过程中操纵自噬的结果。

更新日期:2020-09-02
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