The electronic paper (E-paper) displays features such as flexibility, sunlight visibility, and low power consumption, which makes it ideal for Internet of Things (IoT) applications where the goal is to eliminate bulky power modules. Here, we report a unique self-powered E-paper (SPEP), where information inputs and energy supplies are all converted from mechanical motion by a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). The operation of an electrophoretic E-paper is first investigated, identifying the current density as a determinative parameter for driving pigment particle motion and color change. Electrical and optical responses of the E-paper driven by a sliding-mode TENG are then found to be consistent with that under a current source mode. All-in-one monochromic and chromatic SPEPs integrated with a flexible transparent TENG are finally demonstrated, and a pixelated SPEP is discussed for future research. The sliding-driven mechanism of SPEP allows for a potential handwriting function, is free of an extra power supply, and promises undoubtedly a wide range of future applications.

中文翻译：

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自供电电子纸，仅通过机械运动提供能量和信息输入

电子纸 (E-paper) 具有灵活性、阳光可见度和低功耗等特性，非常适合以消除笨重电源模块为目标的物联网 (IoT) 应用。在这里，我们报告了一种独特的自供电电子纸（SPEP），其中信息输入和能源供应都通过摩擦纳米发电机（TENG）从机械运动转换而来。首先研究电泳电子纸的操作，将电流密度确定为驱动颜料粒子运动和颜色变化的决定性参数。然后发现由滑动模式 TENG 驱动的电子纸的电学和光学响应与电流源模式下的一致。最终展示了与柔性透明 TENG 集成的一体式单色和彩色 SPEP，并讨论了像素化 SPEP 以供未来研究。SPEP 的滑动驱动机制允许潜在的手写功能，无需额外电源，无疑有望在未来广泛应用。