ABSTRACT

The bush dog (Speothos venaticus) is one of the rarest canids in Central and South America. Very little is known about its distribution or its ecological behavior. However, there are ongoing scientific efforts to compile updated data on this species. By using line transect surveys, interviews with local people and camera traps, we studied mammals and their association with four palm-tree species (Oenocarpus bataua Socratea spp., Iriartea deltoidea, and Wettinia maynensis). Three transects, of approximately 3 kilometers each, were used to survey the piedmont of Colonso-Chalupas Biological Reserve (CCBR) in Eastern Ecuador; a recently established biological reserve (93,246 ha with an altitudinal gradient from 560 to 4432 m asl). We recorded two independent events of bush dog at 1200 m asl, using line transect surveys (one event from 91 line transect surveys) and camera trapping (two photographs from 1759 trap-nights) from September 2016 to March 2017. Both occurred at the same location, where the ground was completely covered by mature S. rostrata fruits. This is the first scientific report which confirms: the presence of bush dog in the reserve, the highest elevation of its range in Ecuador, and provides relevant data on a direct or indirect association between bush dog and a palm tree.

摘要

丛林犬（Speothos venaticus）是中美洲和南美洲最稀有的犬科动物之一。对其分布或其生态行为知之甚少。然而，正在进行科学努力以汇编有关该物种的最新数据。通过使用横断面调查、对当地人的采访和相机陷阱，我们研究了哺乳动物及其与四种棕榈树（Oenocarpus bataua Socratea spp.、Iriartea deltoidea和Weettinia maynensis）的关系）。在厄瓜多尔东部的科隆索-查卢帕斯生物保护区（CCBR）山前，使用了三个约 3 公里的样带；最近建立的生物保护区（93,246 公顷，海拔梯度从 560 到 4432 米 asl）。从 2016 年 9 月到 2017 年 3 月，我们使用横断面调查（91 次横断面调查中的一个事件）和相机捕获（来自 1759 个陷阱之夜的两张照片）在海拔 1200 米处记录了两次独立的丛林犬事件。两者同时发生位置，地面完全被成熟的S. rostrata覆盖水果。这是第一份科学报告证实：保护区内存在丛林犬，是厄瓜多尔境内海拔最高的地区，并提供了有关丛林犬与棕榈树之间直接或间接关联的相关数据。