The influence of formation potential on the electrochemical behaviour and passive film properties of Cu‐28.6Sn bronze in simulated archaeological soil solutions was evaluated using combined potentiodynamic electrochemical measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and the Mott–Schottky (MS) approach, with ex situ surface analytical techniques such as X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Passive films were formed in sodium chloride (NaCl) solution and a mixture of NaCl and sodium sulphate and their stability increased as the applied potential increased. The MS measurements indicated that a very thin p‐ and n‐type porous passive film was formed on the bronze in the NaCl and sodium sulphate solution. The calculated donor density decreased exponentially with increasing passive film formation potentials in the NaCl solution and in the NaCl and sodium sulphate mixture. Based on the evaluations of the surface compositional analysis, the primary constituents of the films are Cu and Sn; in addition, dehydration of films was noted.

中文翻译：

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Cu-Sn青铜在模拟考古土壤介质中的电化学和被动行为

结合势能电化学测量，电化学阻抗谱和Mott-Schottky（MS）方法在非原位表面上评估了模拟考古土壤溶液中形成电势对Cu-28.6Sn青铜的电化学行为和钝化膜性能的影响分析技术，例如X射线光电子能谱。钝化膜是在氯化钠（NaCl）溶液和NaCl和硫酸钠的混合物中形成的，其稳定性随着施加电势的增加而增加。MS测量表明，在NaCl和硫酸钠溶液中的青铜上形成了非常薄的p型和n型多孔钝化膜。随着NaCl溶液以及NaCl和硫酸钠混合物中钝化膜形成电位的增加，计算出的供体密度呈指数下降。根据表面成分分析的评价，膜的主要成分是Cu和Sn。另外，注意到膜的脱水。