The core aim of this manuscript is to recommend analytical tuning rules to regulate and control the air supply pressure moving from the supply manifold (SM) to the electrode (cathode) of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). This is done to have an optimal oxygen excess ratio in the fuel cell for enhanced energy generation. The higher order dynamics of PEMFC is approximated to be non‐integer first‐order stable plus time delay model. A simple proportional ‐integral/proportional‐integral‐derivative (PI/PID) control scheme is designed for a specific maximum sensitivity (Ms) using analytical tuning rules. This, in turn, enhances its dynamic performance by regulating the SM pressure. The proposed integer order PI/PID control technique is compared with the other fractional order IMC‐PI control techniques that are recently published. The simulation results obtained prove that the proposed tuning rules provide a good response compared with fractional order controllers and thereby maintaining the SM pressure. The robustness of the novel controller is analyzed by introducing perturbations and noise to the dynamic model. The tuning rules proposed are applicable for two maximum sensitivity values of 1.4 and 2 as a measure of robustness. To measure system performance, few time domain metrics and integral absolute error (IAE), integral square error (ISE), and TV metrics are used. For both the Ms values, the proposed techniques provide stable and improved responses.

中文翻译：

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质子交换膜燃料电池供气总管中气压调节的鲁棒分析式比例积分微分调节规则

该手稿的核心目的是建议分析性调整规则，以调节和控制从供气歧管（SM）到质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）的电极（阴极）的空气供应压力。这样做是为了在燃料电池中具有最佳的氧气过量比，以增强能量产生。PEMFC的高阶动力学近似为非整数一阶稳定加时延模型。一个简单的比例积分/比例积分微分（PI / PID）控制方案设计用于特定的最大灵敏度（MS）使用分析性调整规则。反过来，这通过调节SM压力来增强其动态性能。提议的整数阶PI / PID控制技术与最近发布的其他分数阶IMC-PI控制技术进行了比较。获得的仿真结果证明，与分数阶控制器相比，所提出的调整规则提供了良好的响应，从而保持了SM压力。通过将扰动和噪声引入动态模型来分析新型控制器的鲁棒性。提出的调整规则适用于两个最大灵敏度值1.4和2，作为鲁棒性的度量。要衡量系统性能，需要使用很少的时域指标和积分绝对误差（IAE），积分平方误差（ISE）和使用电视指标。对于两个Ms值，建议的技术均提供了稳定且改进的响应。