Abstract In this study, we demonstrated an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) using electro-deposited CuSCN as a hole-injection layer. The effects of thermal annealing and UV-Ozone treatments on ITO/CuSCN/organic interfaces were investigated. By employing both UV-O3 and proper thermal annealing (75 ° C, 20 min), Cu2O was found on the surface of CuSCN. With these treatments, the surface roughness of the organic deposited on CuSCN was reduced from 4.25 to 1.28 nm. The optical transmittance was also enhanced. Additionally, the CuSCN surface energy and polarity were considerably increased and the hole-injection barrier was decreased from 0.70 to 0.47 eV. The interface dipole effects lead to better adhesion between CuSCN/organic interface and facilitate the hole injection capability from anode ITO due to the formation of superficial Cu2O. The underlying mechanisms were illustrated by surface energy, X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) measurements. As a result, these significantly enhanced CuSCN characteristics led to improved OLED performances, which achieved a hundred-fold efficiency compared to the device without any treatment. With this realization of integrating electro-deposited CuSCN into conventional organic optoelectronic systems, it could bring various practical benefits particularly concerning industrial interests in low-temperature, cost-effective, and large-area fabrication techniques.

中文翻译：

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通过对电沉积 CuSCN 空穴注入层应用退火和表面处理来改善 OLED 性能

摘要 在这项研究中，我们展示了一种使用电沉积 CuSCN 作为空穴注入层的有机发光二极管 (OLED)。研究了热退火和 UV-臭氧处理对 ITO/CuSCN/有机界面的影响。通过同时使用 UV-O3 和适当的热退火（75°C，20 分钟），在 CuSCN 表面发现了 Cu2O。通过这些处理，沉积在 CuSCN 上的有机物的表面粗糙度从 4.25 nm 降低到 1.28 nm。透光率也提高了。此外，CuSCN 表面能和极性显着增加，空穴注入势垒从 0.70 eV 降低到 0.47 eV。界面偶极子效应导致 CuSCN/有机界面之间更好的粘附，并由于表面 Cu2O 的形成而促进了阳极 ITO 的空穴注入能力。表面能、X 射线光电子能谱 (XPS) 和紫外光电子能谱 (UPS) 测量说明了潜在机制。因此，这些显着增强的 CuSCN 特性导致了 OLED 性能的提高，与未经任何处理的器件相比，其效率提高了 100 倍。通过将电沉积 CuSCN 集成到传统的有机光电系统中，它可以带来各种实际利益，特别是在低温、成本效益和大面积制造技术方面的工业利益。这些显着增强的 CuSCN 特性导致 OLED 性能的提高，与未经任何处理的器件相比，其效率提高了 100 倍。通过将电沉积 CuSCN 集成到传统的有机光电系统中，它可以带来各种实际利益，特别是在低温、成本效益和大面积制造技术方面的工业利益。这些显着增强的 CuSCN 特性导致 OLED 性能的提高，与未经任何处理的器件相比，其效率提高了 100 倍。通过将电沉积 CuSCN 集成到传统的有机光电系统中，它可以带来各种实际利益，特别是在低温、成本效益和大面积制造技术方面的工业利益。