Nordhaus' DICE model is used to investigate the economics of planting trees on 900 million ha of lands that can be reforested or afforested, as proposed by a number of researchers. By looking at the most optimistic restoration case, a large terrestrial sink can reduce projected future temperatures by more than 30%, with accompanying smaller marginal damages. It also turns out that optimal levels of industrial emissions increase, thereby reducing the beneficial temperature response of the forestry investment. While the results appear optimistic, the forestry project takes too long to have an impact if climate change is considered to be an urgent problem. Based on the analysis, one can conclude that the forestry tool needs to be implemented immediately or not at all.

中文翻译：

---

森林在减缓气候变化方面的效果如何？

正如许多研究人员提出的那样，诺德豪斯的 DICE 模型用于调查在 9 亿公顷可以重新造林或造林的土地上种植树木的经济性。从最乐观的恢复情况来看，一个大的陆地汇可以将预计的未来温度降低 30% 以上，同时伴随着较小的边际损失。事实证明，工业排放的最佳水平会增加，从而降低林业投资的有利温度响应。虽然结果看起来很乐观，但如果气候变化被认为是一个紧迫的问题，林业项目需要很长时间才能产生影响。根据分析，可以得出结论，林业工具需要立即实施或根本不需要实施。