Abstract Both quantitative and qualitative evaluation of pollutants can be achieved by biomonitoring, enabling the determination of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) with a natural substance. Similarly, passive air samplers (PASs) are among the commonly used methods for the determination of atmospheric POPs. However, in the literature, there are few studies in which both methods (Biomonitoring and PASs) are evaluated together. This study aims to determine the relationship between concentration values and sources of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) measured by PASs and biomarkers (honeybee, honey, and pollen). The total concentrations of 50 PCB congeners (∑50PCBs) in PASs (n = 10) were 2259.63 ± 647.18 pg m−3 for the urban area and 2685.65 ± 708.45 pg m−3 for the semi-urban area. ∑50PCBs in the honeybee (n = 10), honey (n = 7), and pollen (n = 10) samples were 114.44 ± 20.36, 104.89 ± 31.48 and 65.89 ± 13.54 ng g−1 dry weight (dw) for the urban sampling area, respectively, and 119.41 ± 45.13, 112.75 ± 21.57 and 46.52 ± 8.85 ng g−1 dw for the semi-urban sampling area, respectively. Similar homologous group distributions between biomarkers and PASs were obtained. The plant/air partitioning coefficient (KPA) was used to determine the exchange between pollen samples and PASs. The results indicated that high-molecular-weight PCBs moved from air to pollen media (deposition) and low-molecular-weight PCB congeners passed from pollen media to air (volatilization) in both sampling areas.

中文翻译：

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蜜蜂和蜂产品中多氯联苯 (PCB) 的含量及其与环境空气浓度的评估

摘要 生物监测可以实现污染物的定量和定性评价，从而实现对天然物质的持久性有机污染物（POPs）的测定。同样，被动空气采样器 (PAS) 是测定大气持久性有机污染物的常用方法之一。然而，在文献中，很少有研究同时评估两种方法（生物监测和 PAS）。本研究旨在确定通过 PAS 和生物标志物（蜜蜂、蜂蜜和花粉）测量的多氯联苯 (PCB) 的浓度值与来源之间的关系。PAS (n = 10) 中 50 种 PCB 同系物 (∑50PCBs) 的总浓度在城区为 2259.63 ± 647.18 pg m-3，在半城区为 2685.65 ± 708.45 pg m-3。∑50PCBs 在蜜蜂 (n = 10)、蜂蜜 (n = 7)、和花粉 (n = 10) 样本分别为 114.44 ± 20.36、104.89 ± 31.48 和 65.89 ± 13.54 ng g−1 干重 (dw) 和 119.41 ± 45.13、119.41 ± 45.13、±24.55 ng ±2.55 ng 和g−1 dw 分别用于半城市采样区。获得了生物标志物和 PAS 之间类似的同源组分布。植物/空气分配系数 (KPA) 用于确定花粉样品和 PAS 之间的交换。结果表明，在两个采样区域中，高分子量 PCB 从空气移动到花粉介质（沉积），而低分子量 PCB 同源物从花粉介质移动到空气（挥发）。半城市采样区分别为 85 ng g−1 dw。获得了生物标志物和 PAS 之间类似的同源组分布。植物/空气分配系数 (KPA) 用于确定花粉样品和 PAS 之间的交换。结果表明，在两个采样区域中，高分子量 PCB 从空气移动到花粉介质（沉积），而低分子量 PCB 同源物从花粉介质移动到空气（挥发）。半城市采样区分别为 85 ng g−1 dw。获得了生物标志物和 PAS 之间类似的同源组分布。植物/空气分配系数 (KPA) 用于确定花粉样品和 PAS 之间的交换。结果表明，在两个采样区域中，高分子量 PCB 从空气移动到花粉介质（沉积），而低分子量 PCB 同源物从花粉介质移动到空气（挥发）。