Overproduction of reactive oxygen species as a result of hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus leads to microvascular complications. Glutathione S-transferases play important detoxifying roles with antioxidant potentials. This study aimed to assess whether the glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 genotypes were associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus microangiopathic complications in the Iranian population. In this case-control study, the frequencies of null GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes were 4/72 (5.56%) and 12/72 (16.67%) respectively, in uncomplicated DM group. The frequencies of null GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotype in complicated DM group were 16/134 (11.94%) and 37/134 (27.61%), respectively. The proportion of GSTM1 null genotypes was higher in diabetic nephropathy compared to non-nephropathy (19.3% vs. 6.04 %, P = 0.006). At GSTT1 locus, patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy had a higher frequency of deletion compared to those of without neuropathy (30.39% vs. 23.49%) (P = 0.02). Selective polymorphisms encoding GSTM1 and GSTT1genes may prove useful as genetic markers to recognize individuals with an increased trend in developing diabetic nephropathy and neuropathy, respectively. This will help better identify individuals at higher risk toward microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes due to genetic susceptibility.

中文翻译：

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伊朗2型糖尿病微血管病患者谷胱甘肽S-转移酶多态性评价

由于糖尿病患者的高血糖，活性氧的过度产生会导致微血管并发症。谷胱甘肽 S 转移酶发挥重要的解毒作用，具有抗氧化潜力。本研究旨在评估谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶 M1 和 T1 基因型是否与伊朗人群的 2 型糖尿病微血管病变并发症相关。在该病例对照研究中，无并发症 DM 组中 GSTM1 和 GSTT1 基因型的无效频率分别为 4/72（5.56%）和 12/72（16.67%）。复杂DM组中GSTM1和GSTT1基因型无效的频率分别为16/134（11.94%）和37/134（27.61%）。与非肾病相比，糖尿病肾病中 GSTM1 无效基因型的比例更高（19.3% 对 6.04%，P = 0.006）。在 GSTT1 基因座，与没有神经病变的患者相比，糖尿病周围神经病变患者的缺失频率更高（30.39% vs. 23.49%）（P = 0.02）。编码 GSTM1 和 GSTT1 基因的选择性多态性可能被证明可用作遗传标记，以分别识别糖尿病肾病和神经病发展趋势增加的个体。这将有助于更好地识别由于遗传易感性而患 2 型糖尿病微血管并发症的风险较高的个体。