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Infant feeding knowledge and practice vary by maternal HIV status: a nested cohort study in rural South Africa.
International Breastfeeding Journal ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.1186/s13006-020-00317-5
H Manisha Yapa 1, 2 , Róisín Drayne 3 , Nigel Klein 2, 4 , Jan-Walter De Neve 5 , Kathy Petoumenos 1 , Awachana Jiamsakul 1 , Carina Herbst 2 , Deenan Pillay 2, 6 , Frank A Post 7 , Till Bärnighausen 2, 5, 8, 9
Affiliation  

We investigate whether correct infant feeding knowledge and practice differ by maternal HIV status in an era of evolving clinical guidelines in rural South Africa. This cohort study was nested within the MONARCH stepped-wedge cluster-randomised controlled trial ( www.clinicaltrials.gov : NCT02626351 ) which tested the impact of continuous quality improvement on antenatal care quality at seven primary care clinics in KwaZulu-Natal, from July 2015 to January 2017. Women aged ≥18 years at delivery were followed up to 6 weeks postpartum. Clinical data were sourced from routine medical records at delivery. Structured interviews at early postnatal visits and the 6-week postnatal immunisation visit provided data on infant feeding knowledge and feeding practices respectively. We measured the relationship between maternal HIV status and (i) correct infant feeding knowledge at the early postnatal visit; and (ii) infant feeding practice at 6 weeks, using Poisson and multinomial regression models, respectively. We analysed data from 1693 women with early postnatal and 471 with 6-week postnatal interviews. HIV prevalence was 47% (95% confidence interval [CI] 42, 52%). Women living with HIV were more knowledgeable than women not living with HIV on correct infant feeding recommendations (adjusted risk ratio, aRR, 1.08, p < 0.001). More women living with HIV (33%; 95% CI 26, 41%) were not breastfeeding than women not living with HIV (15%; 95% CI 11, 21%). However, among women who were currently breastfeeding their infants, fewer women living with HIV (5%; 95% CI 2, 9%) mixed fed their babies than women not living with HIV (21%; 95% CI 14, 32%). In adjusted analyses, women living with HIV were more likely to avoid breastfeeding (adjusted relative risk ratio, aRRR, 2.78, p < 0.001) and less likely to mixed feed (aRRR 0.22, p < 0.001) than women not living with HIV. Many mothers in rural South Africa still do not practice exclusive breastfeeding. Women living with HIV were more knowledgeable but had lower overall uptake of breastfeeding, compared with women not living with HIV. Women living with HIV were also more likely to practice exclusive breastfeeding over mixed feeding if currently breastfeeding. Improved approaches are needed to increase awareness of correct infant feeding and exclusive breastfeeding uptake.

中文翻译:

婴儿喂养知识和实践因孕产妇 HIV 状态而异:南非农村的一项嵌套队列研究。

我们调查了在南非农村临床指南不断发展的时代,正确的婴儿喂养知识和实践是否因母亲的 HIV 状态而异。该队列研究嵌套在 MONARCH 阶梯楔形整群随机对照试验 (www.clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02626351) 中,该试验从 2015 年 7 月开始测试了夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省七家初级保健诊所持续质量改进对产前保健质量的影响至 2017 年 1 月。 分娩时年龄≥18 岁的女性随访至产后 6 周。临床数据来源于分娩时的常规医疗记录。产后早期访视和 6 周产后免疫访视的结构化访谈分别提供了有关婴儿喂养知识和喂养实践的数据。我们测量了母亲 HIV 状态与 (i) 在产后早期访问时正确的婴儿喂养知识之间的关系;(ii) 分别使用泊松和多项式回归模型在 6 周时进行婴儿喂养实践。我们分析了 1693 名产后早期女性和 471 名产后 6 周访谈的数据。HIV 流行率为 47%(95% 置信区间 [CI] 42, 52%)。感染 HIV 的女性比未感染 HIV 的女性更了解正确的婴儿喂养建议(调整后的风险比,aRR,1.08,p < 0.001)。与未感染 HIV 的女性(15%;95% CI 11,21%)相比,感染 HIV 的女性(33%;95% CI 26,41%)没有进行母乳喂养。然而,在目前正在母乳喂养婴儿的妇女中,感染艾滋病毒的妇女较少(5%;95% CI 2,9%) 混合喂养她们的婴儿比未感染 HIV 的妇女 (21%; 95% CI 14, 32%)。在调整后的分析中,与未感染 HIV 的女性相比,感染 HIV 的女性更有可能避免母乳喂养(调整后的相对风险比,aRRR,2.78,p < 0.001)并且不太可能避免混合喂养(aRRR 0.22,p < 0.001)。南非农村的许多母亲仍然不实行纯母乳喂养。与未感染艾滋病毒的妇女相比,感染艾滋病毒的妇女知识渊博,但母乳喂养的总体吸收率较低。如果目前正在母乳喂养,感染艾滋病毒的妇女也更有可能实行纯母乳喂养而不是混合喂养。需要改进方法来提高对正确婴儿喂养和纯母乳喂养的认识。与未感染 HIV 的女性相比,感染 HIV 的女性更有可能避免母乳喂养(调整后的相对风险比,aRRR,2.78,p < 0.001)并且不太可能避免混合喂养(aRRR 0.22,p < 0.001)。南非农村的许多母亲仍然不实行纯母乳喂养。与未感染艾滋病毒的妇女相比,感染艾滋病毒的妇女知识渊博,但母乳喂养的总体吸收率较低。如果目前正在母乳喂养,感染艾滋病毒的妇女也更有可能实行纯母乳喂养而不是混合喂养。需要改进方法来提高对正确婴儿喂养和纯母乳喂养的认识。与未感染 HIV 的女性相比,感染 HIV 的女性更有可能避免母乳喂养(调整后的相对风险比,aRRR,2.78,p < 0.001)并且不太可能混合喂养(aRRR 0.22,p < 0.001)。南非农村的许多母亲仍然不实行纯母乳喂养。与未感染艾滋病毒的妇女相比,感染艾滋病毒的妇女知识渊博,但母乳喂养的总体吸收率较低。如果目前正在母乳喂养,感染艾滋病毒的妇女也更有可能实行纯母乳喂养而不是混合喂养。需要改进方法来提高对正确婴儿喂养和纯母乳喂养的认识。南非农村的许多母亲仍然不实行纯母乳喂养。与未感染艾滋病毒的妇女相比,感染艾滋病毒的妇女知识渊博,但母乳喂养的总体吸收率较低。如果目前正在母乳喂养,感染艾滋病毒的妇女也更有可能实行纯母乳喂养而不是混合喂养。需要改进方法来提高对正确婴儿喂养和纯母乳喂养的认识。南非农村的许多母亲仍然不实行纯母乳喂养。与未感染艾滋病毒的妇女相比,感染艾滋病毒的妇女知识渊博,但母乳喂养的总体吸收率较低。如果目前正在母乳喂养,感染艾滋病毒的妇女也更有可能实行纯母乳喂养而不是混合喂养。需要改进方法来提高对正确婴儿喂养和纯母乳喂养的认识。
更新日期:2020-09-01
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