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A very early diagnosis of Alstrӧm syndrome by next generation sequencing.
BMC Medical Genetics ( IF 2.023 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.1186/s12881-020-01110-1
Leonardo Gatticchi 1 , Jan Miertus 2, 3 , Paolo Enrico Maltese 3 , Simone Bressan 3 , Luca De Antoni 4 , Ludmila Podracká 5 , Lucia Piteková 5 , Vanda Rísová 6 , Mari Mällo 7 , Kaie Jaakson 7 , Kairit Joost 7 , Leonardo Colombo 8 , Matteo Bertelli 3, 4
Affiliation  

Alström syndrome is a rare recessively inherited disorder caused by variants in the ALMS1 gene. It is characterized by multiple organ dysfunction, including cone-rod retinal dystrophy, dilated cardiomyopathy, hearing loss, obesity, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus and systemic fibrosis. Heterogeneity and age-dependent development of clinical manifestations make it difficult to obtain a clear diagnosis, especially in pediatric patients. Here we report the case of a girl with Alström syndrome. Genetic examination was proposed at age 22 months when suspected macular degeneration was the only major finding. Next generation sequencing of a panel of genes linked to eye-related pathologies revealed two compound heterozygous variants in the ALMS1 gene. Frameshift variants c.1196_1202del, p.(Thr399Lysfs*11), rs761292021 and c.11310_11313del, (p.Glu3771Trpfs*18), rs747272625 were detected in exons 5 and 16, respectively. Both variants cause frameshifts and generation of a premature stop-codon that probably leads to mRNA nonsense-mediated decay. Validation and segregation of ALMS1 variants were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Genetic testing makes it possible, even in childhood, to increase the number of correct diagnoses of patients who have ambiguous phenotypes caused by rare genetic variants. The development of high-throughput sequencing technologies offers an exceptionally valuable screening tool for clear genetic diagnoses and ensures early multidisciplinary management and treatment of the emerging symptoms.

中文翻译:

下一代测序可以非常早期地诊断出Alstrӧm综合征。

Alström综合征是一种罕见的由ALMS1基因变异引起的隐性遗传疾病。它的特征是多器官功能障碍,包括视锥细胞视网膜营养不良,扩张型心肌病,听力下降,肥胖,胰岛素抵抗,高胰岛素血症,2型糖尿病和系统性纤维化。临床表现的异质性和年龄依赖性发展使其难以获得明确的诊断,尤其是在儿科患者中。在这里,我们报告一个患有Alström综合征的女孩的病例。当怀疑黄斑变性是唯一的主要发现时,建议在22个月大时进行基因检查。与眼睛相关病理相关的一组基因的下一代测序揭示了ALMS1基因中的两个复合杂合变体。移码变体c.1196_1202del,p。(Thr399Lysfs * 11),rs761292021和c。在外显子5和16中分别检测到11310_11313del,(p.Glu3771Trpfs * 18),rs747272625。两种变体均引起移码并产生过早的终止密码子,这可能导致mRNA无义介导的衰变。通过Sanger测序证实ALMS1变体的验证和分离。基因检测甚至在儿童时期就可以增加对因罕见遗传变异而导致表型不明确的患者进行正确诊断的次数。高通量测序技术的发展为明确的基因诊断提供了非常有价值的筛选工具,并确保了早期的多学科管理和新出现症状的治疗。两种变体均引起移码并产生过早的终止密码子,这可能导致mRNA无义介导的衰变。通过Sanger测序证实ALMS1变体的验证和分离。基因检测甚至在儿童时期就可以增加对因罕见遗传变异而导致表型不明确的患者进行正确诊断的次数。高通量测序技术的发展为明确的基因诊断提供了非常有价值的筛选工具,并确保了早期的多学科管理和新出现症状的治疗。两种变体均引起移码并产生过早的终止密码子,这可能导致mRNA无义介导的衰变。通过Sanger测序证实ALMS1变体的验证和分离。基因检测甚至在儿童时期就可以增加对因罕见遗传变异而导致表型不明确的患者进行正确诊断的次数。高通量测序技术的发展为明确的基因诊断提供了非常有价值的筛选工具,并确保了早期的多学科管理和新出现症状的治疗。增加因罕见遗传变异导致表型不明确的患者的正确诊断次数。高通量测序技术的发展为明确的基因诊断提供了非常有价值的筛选工具,并确保了早期的多学科管理和新出现症状的治疗。增加因罕见遗传变异导致表型不明确的患者的正确诊断次数。高通量测序技术的发展为明确的基因诊断提供了非常有价值的筛选工具,并确保了早期的多学科管理和新出现症状的治疗。
更新日期:2020-09-01
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