In this study, an improved cuckoo search (ICS) algorithm is presented to solve the parameter estimation problem of soil structure. For 1D soil parameters estimation, the objective function is constructed based on the relative root-mean-square error between measured and calculated soil apparent resistivity curves. The ICS algorithm extends the search range of soil model parameters through variable control parameters. Optimal resistivity and thickness of each layer are obtained by several different algorithms under the same test conditions based on two known four-layer soil models without noise. The results show that the ICS algorithm performs better in minimising error. This study also tests the optimisation performance of the ICS algorithm in two actual high-quality data cases, comparative results of the ICS algorithm and existing literature validate the effectiveness and accuracy of ICS. Moreover, in order to make soil estimation results more visible in a specific area, the combination of the proposed estimated algorithm and a new arrangement way of measurement lines is proposed to estimate 3D soil electric parameter structure in Chengdu, China.

中文翻译：

---

改进的布谷鸟搜索算法在多层土壤参数估计中的应用研究：一维和三维

为了解决土壤结构参数估计问题，提出了一种改进的布谷鸟搜索算法。对于一维土壤参数估算，目标函数是基于测量和计算的土壤视在电阻率曲线之间的相对均方根误差构建的。ICS算法通过可变控制参数扩展了土壤模型参数的搜索范围。基于两种已知的四层土壤模型，在相同的测试条件下，通过几种不同的算法，在相同的测试条件下，可以获得最佳的电阻率和厚度。结果表明，ICS算法在最小化误差方面表现更好。这项研究还在两个实际的高质量数据案例中测试了ICS算法的优化性能，ICS算法的比较结果和现有文献验证了ICS的有效性和准确性。此外，为了使土壤评估结果在特定区域更清晰可见，提出了该评估算法与一种新的测量线布置方式相结合的方法来估算成都地区的3D土壤电参数结构。