The largely nuclear cap-binding complex (CBC) binds to the 5′ caps of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII)-synthesized transcripts and serves as a dynamic interaction platform for a myriad of RNA processing factors that regulate gene expression. While influence of the CBC can extend into the cytoplasm, here we review the roles of the CBC in the nucleus, with a focus on protein-coding genes. We discuss differences between CBC function in yeast and mammals, covering the steps of transcription initiation, release of RNAPII from pausing, transcription elongation, cotranscriptional pre-mRNA splicing, transcription termination, and consequences of spurious transcription. We describe parameters known to control the binding of generic or gene-specific cofactors that regulate CBC activities depending on the process(es) targeted, illustrating how the CBC is an ever-changing choreographer of gene expression.

中文翻译：

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核帽结合复合物作为基因转录和前 mRNA 加工的编排。

主要的核帽结合复合物 (CBC) 与 RNA 聚合酶 II (RNAPII) 合成的转录物的 5' 帽结合，并作为调节基因表达的无数 RNA 加工因子的动态相互作用平台。虽然 CBC 的影响可以延伸到细胞质，但在这里我们回顾了 CBC 在细胞核中的作用，重点是蛋白质编码基因。我们讨论了酵母和哺乳动物中 CBC 功能之间的差异，包括转录起始、暂停释放 RNAPII、转录延伸、共转录前 mRNA 剪接、转录终止和虚假转录的后果。我们描述了控制通用或基因特异性辅因子结合的已知参数，这些辅因子根据目标过程调节 CBC 活动，