Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in activating the innate immune response, inducing inflammation and initiating the adaptive immune response. In this study, we assess the influence of TLR7 and TLR8 gene polymorphisms on HIV-1 susceptibility, AIDS development, and treatment outcomes.

The TLR7 and TLR8 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped through real-time PCR in 222 patients living with HIV-1 and 141 healthy controls.

Frequencies of the TLR7-IVS2-151 G/A and TLR7-IVS1 + 1817 G/T genotypes and alleles were not significantly increased in patients with HIV-1 infection compared to healthy controls both in males and females. Whereas, males carrying TLR8 Met allele were twice susceptible to HIV-1 infection compared to subjects with A allele (OR = 2.04, 95 % CI 1.10−3.76; p = 0.021). Interestingly, for TLR8-129 G/C, both males and females carrying G allele and GG genotype, respectively were significantly associated with HIV-1 infection (p < 0.0001). Moreover, the TLR7 IVS1 + 1817 G/T and the TLR8 rs3764880 were associated with protection to progress the AIDS stage in male and female, respectively (p < 0.05). Males carrying TLR7 IVS2-151-A allele showed a significant increased level of HIV-1 viral load pre-treatment, in comparison with individuals carrying the G allele (p-value = 0.036). Additionally, males carrying TLR8 Met allele showed statistically higher HIV viral load at baseline (p-value = 0.04) and after treatment (p-value = 0.013). Regarding CD4 + T cell counts, no significant association was found with TLR7 and TLR8 SNPs before and after antiretroviral treatment.

This data demonstrates that TLR8 polymorphisms could affect HIV-1 infection. Moreover, an association between TLR7 IVS2-151-A and TLR8 Met alleles and plasma HIV viral load level was found.

Toll 样受体 (TLR) 在激活先天免疫反应、诱导炎症和启动适应性免疫反应方面发挥着重要作用。在这项研究中，我们评估了TLR7和TLR8基因多态性对 HIV-1 易感性、AIDS 发展和治疗结果的影响。

的TLR7和TLR8的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）通过实时PCR在222名患者患有HIV-1和141名健康对照进行基因分型。

与男性和女性的健康对照相比，HIV-1 感染患者的TLR7 - IVS2-151 G/A 和TLR7- IVS1 + 1817 G/T 基因型和等位基因的频率没有显着增加。然而，与具有 A 等位基因的受试者相比，携带TLR8 Met 等位基因的男性对 HIV-1 感染易感两倍（OR = 2.04，95% CI 1.10-3.76；p = 0.021）。有趣的是，对于TLR8-129 G/C，携带 G 等位基因和 GG 基因型的男性和女性分别与 HIV-1 感染显着相关（p < 0.0001）。此外，TLR7 IVS1 + 1817 G/T 和TLR8rs3764880 分别与男性和女性艾滋病阶段的保护相关（p < 0.05）。与携带 G 等位基因的个体相比，携带TLR7 IVS2-151-A 等位基因的男性在治疗前的 HIV-1 病毒载量水平显着增加（p 值 = 0.036）。此外，携带TLR8 Met 等位基因的男性在基线（p 值 = 0.04）和治疗后（p 值 = 0.013）显示出统计学上更高的 HIV 病毒载量。关于 CD4 + T 细胞计数，在抗逆转录病毒治疗前后未发现与TLR7和TLR8 SNP显着相关。

该数据表明TLR8多态性可能会影响 HIV-1 感染。此外，发现TLR7 IVS2-151-A 和TLR8 Met 等位基因与血浆 HIV 病毒载量水平之间存在关联。