Entrainment is a process by which fine and ultrafine particles are transferred to the flotation froth from the top of the flotation pulp, and eventually discharge to the concentrate product, even when they are not attached to gas bubbles. Therefore, entrainment can be considered as a two-step process, one at the upper layer of the pulp to the flotation froth, and the other from froth to the concentrate. Entrainment is inevitable for both hydrophobic and hydrophilic minerals and is one of the significant factors affecting concentrate grade. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the entrainment mechanisms and entrainment models, as well as a summary of the main factors affecting entrainment and the techniques that may be used to lower or eliminate entrainment. Based on the review, we point out that selective aggregation of fine and ultrafine gangue minerals using appropriate process aids (polymeric depressants, inorganic salts, etc.) to increase their particle sizes appears to be a convenient and economical method. Directions of further research along this line are discussed.

夹带是一种过程，通过该过程，细颗粒和超细颗粒从浮选浆的顶部转移到浮选泡沫中，并最终排放到精矿产品中，即使它们没有附着在气泡上也是如此。因此，夹带可以被认为是一个两步过程，一个过程是在纸浆的上层到浮选泡沫，另一个是从泡沫到浓缩液。疏水性和亲水性矿物质都不可避免地夹带，并且是影响精矿品位的重要因素之一。本文对夹带机制和夹带模型进行了全面的综述，并总结了影响夹带的主要因素以及可用于降低或消除夹带的技术。根据评论，我们指出，使用适当的加工助剂（聚合抑制剂，无机盐等）来选择性聚集细小和超细的脉石矿物似乎是一种方便且经济的方法。讨论了沿着这条线进一步研究的方向。