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A Review on Potash Recovery from Different Rock and Mineral Sources
Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-31 , DOI: 10.1007/s42461-020-00286-7
Sandeep Kumar Jena

This review work reports the recovery of potassium from different rocks and mineral sources. The global demand for potassium is rising consistently due to the growth of agricultural production. A major portion of the world potassium production is consumed in making of fertiliser; however, other uses include those in pharmaceutical, glass, ceramic, food and detergent industries. The availability of soluble potash minerals (sylvite, kainite and carnallite) in different countries like Canada, USA, Israel and Russia makes them as major potash producers, whereas agricultural-based countries like Liberia, Somalia, Central African Republic, Thailand, Indonesia and Malaysia including India meet their potassium requirement through import only. On the contrary, the availability of huge potassium-bearing rocks/minerals (like nepheline syenite, feldspar, mica, glauconitic sandstone) in these countries containing around 4–17% K 2 O would be a prospective for commercial production of potassium. The potassium recovery from minerals/rocks is very complicated due to the uniform distribution of potassium throughout the crystal structure. Different physico-chemical separation methods like bioleaching, chemical leaching, flotation and roast leaching have been discussed for the successful recovery of potash values from these rocks/minerals. However, the recovery of potassium from hugely available seawater using the chemical precipitation, solvent extraction, membrane separation and ionic exchange methods is not cost-effective due to the low concentration of potassium.

中文翻译:

不同岩石和矿物来源的钾肥回收综述

这项审查工作报告了从不同岩石和矿物来源中回收钾的情况。由于农业生产的增长,全球对钾的需求不断增加。世界钾产量的很大一部分用于制造肥料;然而,其他用途包括制药、玻璃、陶瓷、食品和清洁剂行业。加拿大、美国、以色列和俄罗斯等不同国家的可溶性钾盐矿物(钾盐、钾盐酸盐和光卤石)的可用性使它们成为主要的钾盐生产国,而利比里亚、索马里、中非共和国、泰国、印度尼西亚和马来西亚等以农业为基础的国家包括印度仅通过进口满足其钾需求。相反,巨大的含钾岩石/矿物(如霞石正长岩、长石、云母、含约 4-17% K 2 O 的海藻砂岩)将成为钾的商业生产前景。由于钾在整个晶体结构中的均匀分布,从矿物/岩石中回收钾非常复杂。已经讨论了不同的物理化学分离方法,如生物浸出、化学浸出、浮选和焙烧浸出,以成功地从这些岩石/矿物中回收钾肥。然而,由于钾浓度低,使用化学沉淀、溶剂萃取、膜分离和离子交换方法从大量可用的海水中回收钾并不具有成本效益。由于钾在整个晶体结构中的均匀分布,从矿物/岩石中回收钾非常复杂。已经讨论了不同的物理化学分离方法,如生物浸出、化学浸出、浮选和焙烧浸出,以成功地从这些岩石/矿物中回收钾肥。然而,由于钾浓度低,使用化学沉淀、溶剂萃取、膜分离和离子交换方法从大量可用的海水中回收钾并不具有成本效益。由于钾在整个晶体结构中的均匀分布,从矿物/岩石中回收钾非常复杂。已经讨论了不同的物理化学分离方法,如生物浸出、化学浸出、浮选和焙烧浸出,以成功地从这些岩石/矿物中回收钾肥。然而,由于钾浓度低,使用化学沉淀、溶剂萃取、膜分离和离子交换方法从大量可用的海水中回收钾并不具有成本效益。已经讨论了浮选和焙烧浸出以成功地从这些岩石/矿物中回收钾值。然而,由于钾浓度低,使用化学沉淀、溶剂萃取、膜分离和离子交换方法从大量可用的海水中回收钾并不具有成本效益。已经讨论了浮选和焙烧浸出以成功地从这些岩石/矿物中回收钾值。然而,由于钾浓度低,使用化学沉淀、溶剂萃取、膜分离和离子交换方法从大量可用的海水中回收钾并不具有成本效益。
更新日期:2020-08-31
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