The glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and its canonical receptor Ret can signal both in tandem and separately to exert many vital functions in the midbrain dopamine system. It is known that Ret has effects on maintenance, physiology, protection and regeneration in the midbrain dopamine system, with the physiological functions of GDNF still somewhat unclear. Notwithstanding, Ret ligands, such as GDNF, are considered as promising candidates for neuroprotection and/or regeneration in Parkinson's disease, although data from clinical trials are so far inconclusive. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of GDNF/Ret signaling in the dopamine system in vivo as well as crosstalk with pathology-associated proteins and their signaling in mammals.

中文翻译：

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体内多巴胺神经元中的 GDNF/RET 信号传导

神经胶质细胞系衍生的神经营养因子 (GDNF) 及其经典受体 Ret 可以同时或分别发出信号，以在中脑多巴胺系统中发挥许多重要功能。已知Ret对中脑多巴胺系统的维持、生理、保护和再生有影响，GDNF的生理功能尚不清楚。尽管如此，Ret 配体，如 GDNF，被认为是帕金森病神经保护和/或再生的有希望的候选物，尽管迄今为止来自临床试验的数据尚无定论。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了体内多巴胺系统中 GDNF/Ret 信号传导的当前知识，以及与病理相关蛋白的串扰及其在哺乳动物中的信号传导。