The development of the DNA origami technique has revolutionized the field of DNA nanotechnology as it allows to create virtually any arbitrarily shaped nanostructure out of DNA on a 10–100 nm length scale by a rather robust self-assembly process. Additionally, DNA origami nanostructures can be modified with chemical entities with nanometer precision, which allows to tune precisely their properties, their mutual interactions and interactions with their environment. The flexibility and modularity of DNA origami allows also for the creation of dynamic nanostructures, which opens up a plethora of possible functions and applications. Here we review the fundamental properties of DNA origami nanostructures, the wide range of functions that arise from these properties and finally present possible applications of DNA origami based multifunctional materials.

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DNA折纸构建多功能材料的潜力

DNA折纸技术的发展彻底改变了DNA纳米技术领域，因为它可以通过相当强大的自组装过程在10-100 nm的长度范围内从DNA创造出几乎任何形状的纳米结构。此外，DNA折纸纳米结构可以用具有纳米精度的化学实体进行修饰，从而可以精确地调整其特性，它们之间的相互作用以及与周围环境的相互作用。DNA折纸的灵活性和模块性还允许创建动态纳米结构，从而打开了许多可能的功能和应用。在这里，我们回顾了DNA折纸纳米结构的基本特性，由这些特性引起的各种功能，最后介绍了基于DNA折纸的多功能材料的可能应用。