The human retinoblastoma (RB1) protein is a tumor suppressor that negatively regulates cell cycle progression through its interaction with members of the E2F/DP family of transcription factors. However, RB‐related (RBR) proteins are an early acquisition during eukaryote evolution present in plant lineages, including unicellular algae, ancient plants (ferns, lycophytes, liverworts, mosses), gymnosperms, and angiosperms. The main RBR protein domains and interactions with E2Fs are conserved in all eukaryotes and not only regulate the G1/S transition but also the G2/M transition, as part of DREAM complexes. RBR proteins are also important for asymmetric cell division, stem cell maintenance, and the DNA damage response (DDR). RBR proteins play crucial roles at every developmental phase transition, in association with chromatin factors, as well as during the reproductive phase during female and male gametes production and embryo development. Here, we review the processes where plant RBR proteins play a role and discuss possible avenues of research to obtain a full picture of the multifunctional roles of RBR for plant life.

中文翻译：

---

植物视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白的作用：细胞周期及以后。

人视网膜母细胞瘤（RB1）蛋白是一种肿瘤抑制因子，它通过与E2F / DP家族转录因子成员的相互作用来负调控细胞周期进程。但是，RB相关（RBR）蛋白是植物谱系中存在的真核生物进化过程中的早期获取物，包括单细胞藻类，古老植物（蕨类，苔藓植物，地草，苔藓），裸子植物和被子植物。在所有的真核生物中，主要的RBR蛋白结构域以及与E2F的相互作用均是保守的，并且作为DREAM复合体的一部分，不仅调节G1 / S过渡，而且调节G2 / M过渡。RBR蛋白对于不对称细胞分裂，干细胞维持和DNA损伤反应（DDR）也很重要。RBR蛋白在每个发育阶段的转变中都起着至关重要的作用，与染色质因子相关，以及雌，雄配子生产和胚胎发育期间的生殖阶段。在这里，我们回顾了植物RBR蛋白发挥作用的过程，并讨论了可能的研究途径，以全面了解RBR在植物生命中的多功能作用。