Objectives. Fatty acids (FA) modulate oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and inflammatory processes in spermatogenesis. Methods. The amount of 17 different FAs and the level of F₂-isoprostanes (F₂-IsoPs) and cytoplasmic phospholipase A₂ (cPLA₂) were compared and correlated to sperm characteristics; these last ones were evaluated by light and electronic microscopy in varicocele and idiopathic infertile patients. Results. Total n-3 polyunsaturated acids (PUFAs) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), one of the n-3 PUFAs, were significantly reduced in idiopathic infertile men compared to controls (). In the whole studied population, oleic acid and total monounsaturated acids (MUFAs) correlated negatively with sperm concentration, progressive motility, normal morphology, vitality, and fertility index and positively with sperm necrosis. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) amount was positively correlated with the percentage of sperm necrosis and cPLA₂ level and negatively with sperm concentration. Sperm vitality was negatively correlated with the saturated fatty acids (SFAs). In infertile groups, cPLA₂ was negatively correlated with DHA and n-3 PUFAs (both ) and positively with EPA (). In the varicocele group, sperm vitality was negatively correlated with palmitoleic acid and total n-6 PUFAs (); sperm apoptosis was positively correlated with the total SFA percentage (). Conclusions. FA composition in sperm membrane and the metabolism of sperm FAs are interrelated parameters, both relevant in sperm maturation processes and fertility.

中文翻译：

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脂肪酸谱和代谢与人类精子参数有关，并且与特发性不孕症和精索静脉曲张有关。

目标。脂肪酸 (FA) 调节氧化应激、活性氧 (ROS) 的产生和精子发生过程中的炎症过程。方法。比较了 17 种不同 FA 的含量以及 F ₂ -异前列腺素 (F ₂ -IsoPs ) 和细胞质磷脂酶 A ₂ (cPLA ₂ ) 的水平，并将其与精子特征相关联；最后这些是通过光学和电子显微镜对精索静脉曲张和特发性不孕症患者进行评估的。结果。与对照组相比，特发性不育男性的总 n-3 多不饱和酸 (PUFA) 和二十二碳六烯酸 (DHA)（n-3 PUFA 之一）显着降低。）。在整个研究人群中，油酸和总单不饱和酸 (MUFA) 与精子浓度、进行性运动、正常形态、活力和生育指数呈负相关，与精子坏死呈正相关。_{二十碳五烯酸（EPA）含量与精子坏死百分比和cPLA 2}水平呈正相关，与精子浓度呈负相关。精子活力与饱和脂肪酸（SFA）呈负相关。在不育组中，cPLA ₂与 DHA 和 n-3 PUFA 呈负相关（均)并积极与 EPA (）。在精索静脉曲张组中，精子活力与棕榈油酸和总 n-6 PUFAs 呈负相关（); 精子凋亡与总 SFA 百分比呈正相关（）。 结论。精子膜中的 FA 组成和精子 FA 的代谢是相互关联的参数，都与精子成熟过程和生育力有关。