Structural control methods are a promising way to improve the dynamic response of offshore wind turbines. In this study, the effectiveness of passive tuned mass damper (TMD) and hybrid mass damper (HMD) control is examined for suppressing the vibration in a monopile offshore wind turbine subjected to a combination of wind, wave, and seismic loads. A high-fidelity wind turbine model is established based on the multi-body dynamics simulation code SIMPACK. A reduced-order model of the wind turbine is, then, extracted from input-output time-domain response data, which is used to design an HMD controller using the H∞ loop shaping approach. The controller is, then, applied in the high-fidelity multi-body model of the wind turbine, and an additional control force is applied using feedback from the displacement acceleration at the tower top. The performance of the passive TMD and HMD control systems is examined and compared in terms of the suppression of tower-top displacements under normal operating and parked conditions. The results revealed that the HMD control system can better reduce the tower-top displacement as compared to the passive TMD system before and during earthquakes, albeit at the expense of high input control power and large TMD displacements. However, the two control systems have a negative impact on the dynamic response of tower after the earthquake. Moreover, the investigation of controller gains indicated that the vibration suppression effect of HMD improves with the increase in control power, leading to larger TMD strokes.

中文翻译：

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多外激励下海上风电机组混合振动控制

结构控制方法是改善海上风力发电机动态响应的一种很有前景的方法。在这项研究中，研究了被动调谐质量阻尼器 (TMD) 和混合质量阻尼器 (HMD) 控制的有效性，以抑制受到风、波浪和地震载荷组合的单桩海上风力涡轮机的振动。基于多体动力学仿真程序SIMPACK建立高保真风力机模型。然后，从输入-输出时域响应数据中提取风力涡轮机的降阶模型，用于使用 H∞ 环路整形方法设计 HMD 控制器。然后，将控制器应用于风力涡轮机的高保真多体模型，并使用塔顶位移加速度的反馈来施加额外的控制力。被动 TMD 和 HMD 控制系统的性能在正常运行和停放条件下的塔顶位移抑制方面进行了检查和比较。结果表明，与被动 TMD 系统相比，地震前和地震期间 HMD 控制系统可以更好地减少塔顶位移，尽管代价是高输入控制功率和大 TMD 位移。然而，这两种控制系统对震后塔的动力响应有负面影响。此外，控制器增益的研究表明，HMD 的振动抑制效果随着控制功率的增加而提高，导致更大的 TMD 行程。