Abstract

Pesticides optimize agricultural and livestock activity but their improper management damages health and the environment. The objective of this study was to carry out a baseline study of future intervention and reference locations to implement an intervention program. Two intervention locations and a third reference location were selected. Subsistence farmers and their relatives were surveyed on socio-demographic characteristics, pesticide management, clothing used in agricultural work, use of PPE, and perception about damage to their health and the environment. Simple frequencies were estimated and differences in proportions or means were compared, as well as associated factors. The inadequate arrangement of packaging represents an environmental problem because most empty containers are dispersed in the field. PPE are insufficient and are not used due to discomfort and lack of money. Health damage from pesticide use, low education level and training in pesticide management were associated with not using PPE, while having used pesticides ≤20 years was associated with a lower possibility of not using PPE. The most frequent symptoms of intoxication reported were headache, burning eyes, dizziness, skin irritation and weakness. Subsistence farmers reported that pesticides contaminate soil and water, causing damage to the environment. It is necessary to implement programs aimed at training in pesticide management.

摘要

农药优化了农业和畜牧业的活动，但其管理不当会损害健康和环境。这项研究的目的是对未来的干预措施和参考地点进行基线研究，以实施一项干预计划。选择了两个干预位置和第三个参考位置。对自给自足的农民及其亲属进行了调查，包括社会人口统计学特征，农药管理，农业工作中使用的衣服，个人防护设备的使用以及对他们的健康和环境造成损害的看法。估计了简单的频率，并比较了比例或均值的差异以及相关因素。包装的不适当布置表示环境问题，因为大多数空的容器分散在现场。个人防护装备不足，并且由于不适和缺钱而无法使用。农药使用，教育水平低和农药管理培训对健康造成的损害与不使用PPE有关，而使用≤20年的农药与不使用PPE的可能性较低有关。据报告，最常见的中毒症状是头痛，灼眼，头晕，皮肤刺激和无力。自给自足的农民报告说，农药污染了土壤和水，对环境造成了破坏。有必要执行旨在培训农药管理的计划。而使用≤20年农药的人则不使用PPE的可能性较低。据报告，最常见的中毒症状是头痛，灼眼，头晕，皮肤刺激和无力。自给自足的农民报告说，农药污染了土壤和水，对环境造成了破坏。有必要执行旨在培训农药管理的计划。而使用≤20年农药的人则不使用PPE的可能性较低。据报告，最常见的中毒症状是头痛，灼眼，头晕，皮肤刺激和无力。自给自足的农民报告说，农药污染了土壤和水，对环境造成了破坏。有必要执行旨在培训农药管理的计划。