ABSTRACT Inclusion of a legume crop in a cropping system can improve soil physical and chemical properties, particularly in predominantly rice cultivating areas. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was performed between different soils and cropping systems to evaluate soil physical and chemical properties in Balod District of Chhattisgarh state of India. Among the soils, inVertisols, bulk density (BD) (p = .024), hydraulic conductivity (HC) (p < .005), available Fe (p < .005), available Mn (p < .005), available Zn (p < .005) and available B (p < .005) were found to be significantly lower than that of Inceptisols. However, significantly higher for porosity (p = .040), field capacity (FC) (p < .005), wilting point (WP) (p < .005), water holding capacity (WHC) (p < .005), mean weight diameter (MWD) (p < .005), soil pH (p < .005), electrical conductivity (EC) (p < .005), organic carbon (OC) (p < .005), available N (p < .005), available P (p < .005), available K (p < .005) and available S (p < .005). Tukey’s post-hoc test for multiple comparisons indicated that BD was found significantly higher for soils under rice-wheat (RW) cropping system, than that of soils under rice-chickpea (RC) (p < .005), rice-lathyrus (RL) (p < .005), and rice-fallow (RF) (p = .032). However, other soil properties i.e. porosity, FC, WP, WHC, HC, MWD, soil pH, OC, available N, available P, available K, available S, and available Zn were found significantly higher for soils under rice-legume cropping system (RC and RL), than that of soils under RW and RL. Thus, from the study, it is concluded that inclusion of legumes into cropping systems maintained better soil physical and chemical properties and helpful to work out the best management practices for sustaining intensive cultivation.

中文翻译：

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印度东部湿热高原长期水稻种植制度下土壤理化质量

摘要 在种植系统中加入豆类作物可以改善土壤物理和化学性质，特别是在主要种植水稻的地区。对印度恰蒂斯加尔邦 Balod 地区的不同土壤和种植系统进行了方差分析 (ANOVA)，以评估土壤物理和化学特性。在土壤中，inVertisols、容重 (BD) (p = .024)、水力传导率 (HC) (p < .005)、有效铁 (p < .005)、有效锰 (p < .005)、有效锌(p < .005) 和有效 B (p < .005) 显着低于 Inceptisos。然而，孔隙度 (p = .040)、田间持水量 (FC) (p < .005)、萎蔫点 (WP) (p < .005)、持水量 (WHC) (p < .005) 显着更高，平均重量直径 (MWD) (p < .005)，土壤 pH (p < . 005)、电导率 (EC) (p < .005)、有机碳 (OC) (p < .005)、有效氮 (p < .005)、有效磷 (p < .005)、有效钾 (p < .005) .005) 和可用 S (p < .005)。Tukey 的多重比较事后检验表明，水稻-小麦 (RW) 种植系统下土壤的 BD 显着高于水稻-鹰嘴豆 (RC) (p < .005)、水稻-lathyrus (RL) 下土壤的 BD ) (p < .005) 和水稻休耕 (RF) (p = .032)。然而，其他土壤特性，如孔隙度、FC、WP、WHC、HC、MWD、土壤 pH 值、OC、速效 N、速效 P、速效 K、速效 S 和速效锌在稻豆种植系统下显着更高(RC 和 RL)，而不是 RW 和 RL 下的土壤。因此，从研究中，