Vertebrate eye formation requires coordinated inductive interactions between different embryonic tissue layers, first described in amphibians. A network of transcription factors and signaling molecules controls these steps, with mutations causing severe ocular, neuronal, and craniofacial defects. In eyeless mutant axolotls, eye morphogenesis arrests at the optic vesicle stage, before lens induction, and development of ventral forebrain structures is disrupted.

中文翻译：

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无眼蝾螈（Ambystoma mexicanum）的 rax 同源框基因发生突变

脊椎动物眼睛的形成需要不同胚胎组织层之间协调的诱导相互作用，这首先在两栖动物中得到描述。转录因子和信号分子网络控制着这些步骤，突变会导致严重的眼部、神经元和颅面缺陷。在无眼突变蝾螈中，眼睛形态发生在晶状体诱导之前的视泡阶段停滞，并且腹侧前脑结构的发育被破坏。