Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune‐mediated inflammatory disease which affects the central nervous system (CNS). In the present study, the in vivo effects of ATRA, calcitriol, and their combinations on the expression of murine CD4+ T cell cytokines and their specific transcription factors in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)‐induced mice were explored. Thirty‐two EAE induced inbred C57BL/6 female mice with an age ranged from 8 to 10 weeks were divided into four categories in a random manner. The first, second, and third groups received ATRA, calcitriol, ATRA+ calcitriol, respectively, and the fourth group received vehicle. The treatment started on the day prior to immunization and through the IP injections every other days for 21 days. The dosages of administration for calcitriol, ATRA, and calcitriol+ ATRA were 100 ng, 250 μg, and 50ng + 125 μg, respectively per mouse. An equal volume of excipient was administered for the vehicle group. T‐bet, IFN‐γ, GATA‐3, and IL‐4 genes expression were assessed in the splenocytes of EAE ‐induced mice. The expression of T‐bet and IFN‐γ genes in the splenocytes of ATRA, calcitriol and combination‐ treated mice were significantly reduced compared to vehicle group (p < 0.05). A significant decrease in T‐bet expression was observed in the combination‐treated group compared to the ATRA‐treated group (p < 0.05). The expression of GATA3 and IL‐4 genes was significantly increased in the ATRA‐, calcitriol‐, and combination‐treated mice when compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the effect of calcitriol alone and in combination with ATRA was more considerable than that of ATRA alone. The nutraceutical approaches may be promising in the prevention and/or treatment of MS.

中文翻译：

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骨化三醇和全反式维甲酸对实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎中T-bet，IFN-γ，GATA3和IL-4基因表达的影响。

多发性硬化症（MS）是一种免疫介导的炎症性疾病，会影响中枢神经系统（CNS）。在本研究中，探索了ATRA，骨化三醇及其组合对实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎（EAE）诱导的小鼠CD4 + T细胞细胞因子及其特异性转录因子表达的体内作用。将32只EAE诱导的近交C57BL / 6雌性小鼠随机分为8类，其年龄在8至10周之间。第一组，第二组和第三组分别接受ATRA，骨化三醇，ATRA +骨化三醇，第四组接受赋形剂。治疗在免疫前一天开始，并每隔两天进行IP注射，持续21天。骨化三醇，ATRA和骨化三醇+ ATRA的给药剂量分别为100 ng，250μg，每只小鼠分别为50ng + 125μg。对媒介物组施用等体积的赋形剂。在EAE诱导的小鼠脾细胞中评估了T-bet，IFN-γ，GATA-3和IL-4基因的表达。与溶媒组相比，ATRA，骨化三醇和联合治疗的小鼠脾细胞中T-bet和IFN-γ基因的表达显着降低（p <0.05）。与ATRA治疗组相比，联合治疗组的T-bet表达显着下降（p <0.05）。与对照组相比，ATRA，骨化三醇和联合治疗小鼠中GATA3和IL-4基因的表达显着增加（p <0.05）。此外，单独的骨化三醇和与ATRA联合使用的效果比单独的ATRA更为明显。