Background

In comparison to a more restricted focus on symptom-specific outcomes, clinical trials of psychological interventions are increasingly focusing on transdiagnostic outcomes such as subjective wellbeing (SWB). SWB has been broadly defined as a person's cognitive and affective evaluations of his or her life. Such evaluations may include appraisals of emotions and mood, satisfaction with life, and relationships with others. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) has been shown to offer promise for improving SWB.

Objective

The current review aimed to address an important gap in the literature by synthesising and critically appraising the research findings of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of face-to-face and guided ACT interventions that assessed SWB.

Method

Four electronic databases (Medline, PsycINFO, Scopus and Web of Science) were searched for relevant literature from inception. Searches identified 921 records. Eleven studies which met full inclusion criteria were identified via database and reference lists searches. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool (RoB).

Results/Conclusions

Overall, 1406 participants were recruited to the included studies; of which 27% (n = 369 participants) were male. A wide variety of mental and physical health issues were included. The results of the risk of bias assessment highlighted the variable quality of the included studies. Methodological issues highlighted in the current review related to allocation concealment, handling of incomplete data, and small sample sizes. Five different measure of SWBs were utilised in the included studies, of which the most commonly utilised measure was the MHC-SF (Keyes, 2002). The results of meta-analyses revealed that SWB post-treatment scores (across different SWB measures) were significantly higher for ACT intervention groups in comparison to control groups, in all but one study. The majority of these studies revealed moderate effect sizes in favour of ACT. Findings indicate that ACT interventions show evidence of enhancing SWB in clinical and non-clinical populations. However, further RCTs that consistently use the same standardised measure(s) of SWB are necessary to facilitate further meta-analysis of the research.

中文翻译：

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接受和承诺治疗及主观幸福感：成人随机对照试验的系统评价和荟萃分析

背景

与对症状特定结果的更严格关注相比，心理干预的临床试验越来越多地将注意力放在诸如主观幸福感（SWB）等转诊结果上。SWB被广泛定义为一个人对其生活的认知和情感评估。这样的评估可以包括对情绪和情绪，对生活的满意度以及与他人的关系的评估。接受和承诺疗法（ACT）已被证明可以改善SWB。

目的

当前的综述旨在通过综合和严格评估评估SWB的面对面和指导性ACT干预的随机对照试验（RCT）的研究结果来解决文献中的重要空白。

方法

从开始就搜索了四个电子数据库（Medline，PsycINFO，Scopus和Web of Science）以寻找相关文献。搜索已识别的921条记录。通过数据库和参考文献列表搜索，确定了11个满足完全纳入标准的研究。使用Cochrane偏倚风险工具（RoB）评估偏倚风险。

结果/结论

总共招募了1406名参与者参加了研究。其中27％（n = 369名参与者）是男性。包括各种心理和身体健康问题。偏倚风险评估的结果突显了纳入研究的可变质量。当前审查中强调的方法论问题与分配隐藏，不完整数据的处理和小样本量有关。在纳入的研究中使用了五种不同的SWB度量，其中最常用的度量是MHC-SF（Keyes，2002年）。荟萃分析的结果表明，除一项研究外，在所有研究中，ACT干预组的SWB治疗后评分（针对不同的SWB措施）均明显高于对照组。这些研究中的大多数都显示出中等程度的效应支持ACT。研究结果表明，ACT干预措施显示出临床和非临床人群中SWB增强的证据。但是，必须使用一致的SWB标准化方法来进行进一步的RCT，以促进对研究的进一步荟萃分析。