Abstract One of the main obstacles at the very first step of every experimental or numerical investigation is to select proper loading scenarios for evaluating the seismic performance of structural elements. For both qualifying the structural members and developing behavioral models as the primary input for nonlinear analysis of structures, there is a need for loading regimes that are able to simulate loading conditions similar to real earthquakes. This paper discusses the methodology used to develop a series of energy-based loading protocols for testing beam to column connections and columns of steel special moment frames. Several relationships controlling the configuration of loading protocols are proposed based on results obtained from multiple nonlinear time history analyses that have been conducted on a variety of structures. The histories of cycles obtained from these loading regimes are case-specific in order to dissipate a certain amount of energy from each structural component within a definite time based on its properties. In the case of column axial loading protocol, in addition to a force-control regime, a displacement-control one is also introduced to eliminate the instability issues arising when force-control loading scenarios are employed. After presenting the required steps to implement the proposed loading protocols, their accuracy is investigated by comparing them to the results of nonlinear time history analyses as well as some conventional and well-known loading protocols.

中文翻译：

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开发基于能量的加载协议，用于钢力矩框架组件的抗震评估

摘要 每个实验或数值研究的第一步的主要障碍之一是选择合适的加载场景来评估结构元件的抗震性能。为了使结构构件合格并开发行为模型作为结构非线性分析的主要输入，需要能够模拟类似于真实地震的加载条件的加载机制。本文讨论了用于开发一系列基于能量的加载协议的方法，用于测试钢特殊力矩框架的梁柱连接和柱。根据对各种结构进行的多个非线性时间历程分析的结果，提出了控制加载协议配置的几种关系。从这些加载方式获得的循环历史是特定于案例的，以便在基于其特性的确定时间内从每个结构组件消散一定量的能量。在柱轴向加载协议的情况下，除了力控制机制外，还引入了位移控制机制，以消除采用力控制加载方案时出现的不稳定性问题。在介绍了实施所提出的加载协议所需的步骤之后，通过将它们与非线性时间历史分析的结果以及一些传统和众所周知的加载协议的结果进行比较来研究它们的准确性。