Abstract Online disinhibition, or the experience of diminishing constraints when online, has important influences on behavior, yet theoretically robust, reliable, and valid measures of this construct are lacking. This research developed a new Measure of Online Disinhibition (MOD). In study 1, 403 participants were split into two samples; n = 212 were subject to exploratory factor analysis, and n = 191 to confirmatory factor analysis. The final 12 items loaded onto a single factor with high reliability and construct validity among a range of measures (toxic and benign disinhibition, time online, false self, online self-disclosure, and trolling). In Study 2, using a distinct sample (N = 242), the MOD was again confirmed and the nomological network was extended to examine cyberbullying and well-being. Additionally, in both studies path models were tested to explore the mediation of time online on positive and negative indicators via MOD. Results found that greater time online was associated with increases in both positive and negative cyber behaviors but decreased well-being via increases in MOD. The MOD operationalises online disinhibition in a theoretically driven fashion, allowing researchers to build upon our understanding of the impacts of the online environment on human behavior in a systematic way.

中文翻译：

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在线解除抑制措施 (MOD)：评估对在线环境中减少约束的看法

摘要 在线去抑制，或在线时减少约束的体验，对行为有重要影响，但缺乏理论上稳健、可靠和有效的衡量方法。这项研究开发了一种新的在线解除抑制措施 (MOD)。在研究 1 中，403 名参与者被分成两个样本；n = 212 进行探索性因素分析，n = 191 进行验证性因素分析。最后 12 个项目加载到一个单一因素上，在一系列措施（有毒和良性去抑制、在线时间、虚假自我、在线自我披露和拖钓）中具有高可靠性和结构效度。在研究 2 中，使用不同的样本 (N = 242)，再次确认了 MOD，并扩展了规则网络以检查网络欺凌和幸福感。此外，在这两项研究中，对路径模型进行了测试，以通过 MOD 探索在线时间对正面和负面指标的中介作用。结果发现，更长的在线时间与积极和消极的网络行为增加有关，但通过增加 MOD 会降低幸福感。MOD 以理论驱动的方式实施在线解除抑制，使研究人员能够以系统的方式建立在我们对在线环境对人类行为影响的理解的基础上。