The development of structural batteries has been obstructed by the intrinsically low mechanical strength of battery materials inside. Here, we propose a multifunctional structural battery platform by deploying electrodeposition-like reactions to prepare for conformally-coated electrodes, together with carbon fabrics as the skeleton to endow them with mechanical robustness. As a proof of concept, the Li/S battery system based on the electrodeposition-like mechanism was introduced into the structural batteries for the first time. The Young's modulus of optimized sulfur and lithium electrodes reach 9.2 ± 1.2 GPa and 4.5 ± 0.6 GPa, respectively, 5–20 times higher than conventional electrodes. Additionally, a thermally stable composite separator combining boron nitride nanofiller with PVdF polymer (BN/PVdF) is rationally designed, which possesses high compressive strength over 180 MPa. The structural cell integrated with these structural components delivered an excellent lifespan under compression up to 20 MPa for 20 cycles at 0.2 C. Moreover, the structural Li/S cell in pouch configuration displays better resistance to mechanical deformation when compared to the regular Li/S cell. This work provides valuable insight into structural batteries with high energy density.

内部电池材料本身固有的低机械强度阻碍了结构电池的发展。在这里，我们提出了一种多功能结构电池平台，该平台通过部署类似电沉积的反应来准备保形涂覆的电极，并以碳纤维为骨架，从而赋予其机械强度。作为概念的证明，首次将基于电沉积样机制的Li / S电池系统引入结构电池中。优化的硫和锂电极的杨氏模量分别达到9.2±1.2 GPa和4.5±0.6 GPa，是传统电极的5-20倍。此外，合理设计了将氮化硼纳米填料与PVdF聚合物（BN / PVdF）结合使用的热稳定复合隔板，具有超过180 MPa的高抗压强度。与这些结构组件集成的结构单元在0.2 C的压力下在20 MPa的压缩下可提供出色的寿命，可承受20个循环。此外，与常规Li / S相比，袋状结构的Li / S单元显示出更好的抗机械变形能力细胞。这项工作为深入了解具有高能量密度的结构电池提供了宝贵的见识。