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Light‐limited photosynthesis under energy‐saving film decreases eggplant yield
Food and Energy Security ( IF 5 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-29 , DOI: 10.1002/fes3.245
Sachin G. Chavan 1 , Chelsea Maier 1 , Yagiz Alagoz 1 , Joao C. Filipe 2 , Charles R. Warren 3 , Han Lin 4 , Baohua Jia 4 , Michael E. Loik 5 , Christopher I. Cazzonelli 1 , Zhonghua H. Chen 1 , Oula Ghannoum 1 , David T. Tissue 1
Affiliation  

Glasshouse films with adjustable light transmittance and energy‐efficient designs have the potential to reduce (up to 80%) the high energy cost for greenhouse horticulture operations. Whether these films compromise the quantity and quality of light transmission for photosynthesis and crop yield remains unclear. A “Smart Glass” film ULR‐80 (SG) was applied to a high‐tech greenhouse horticulture facility, and two experimental trials were conducted by growing eggplant (Solanum melongena) using commercial vertical cultivation and management practices. SG blocked 85% of ultraviolet (UV), 58% of far‐red, and 26% of red light, leading to an overall reduction of 19% in photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, 380–699 nm) and a 25% reduction in total season fruit yield. There was a 53% (season mean) reduction in net short‐wave radiation (radiometer range, 385–2,105 nm upward; 295–2,685 nm downward) that generated a net reduction of 8% in heat load and reduced water and nutrient consumption by 18%, leading to improved energy and resource use efficiency. Eggplant adjusted to the altered SG light environment via decreased maximum light‐saturated photosynthetic rates (Amax) and lower xanthophyll de‐epoxidation state. The shift in light characteristics under SG led to reduced photosynthesis, which may have reduced source (leaf) to sink (fruit) carbon distribution, increased fruit abortion and decreased fruit yield, but did not affect nutritional quality. We conclude that SG increases energy and resource use efficiency, without affecting fruit quality, but the reduction in photosynthesis and eggplant yield is high. The solution is to re‐engineer the SG to increase penetration of UV and PAR, while maintaining blockage of glasshouse heat gain.

中文翻译:

节能膜下光受限的光合作用降低了茄子的产量

具有透光率可调和节能设计的温室薄膜有潜力减少(高达80%)温室园艺操作的高能耗成本。这些膜是否影响光合作用和农作物产量的透光量和质量尚不清楚。将“智能玻璃”薄膜ULR-80(SG)应用于高科技温室园艺设施,并通过种植茄子(茄子)进行了两项试验。)采用商业垂直种植和管理实践。SG阻挡了85%的紫外线(UV),58%的远红外光和26%的红光,从而使光合有效辐射(PAR,380–699 nm)总体减少了19%,而对光合作用的辐射减少了25%整个季节的水果产量。净短波辐射(辐射范围,向上385–2,105 nm;向下295–2,685 nm)减少了53%(按季节平均),这使热负荷净减少了8%,并减少了水和养分的消耗。 18%,从而提高了能源和资源利用效率。茄子调整为经由改变的SG光环境降低最大光饱和光合速率(最大)和较低的叶黄素脱环状态。SG下光特性的变化导致光合作用降低,这可能减少了源(叶)到下沉(水果)的碳分布,增加了水果流产和降低了水果产量,但并未影响营养质量。我们得出的结论是,SG在不影响果实品质的情况下提高了能源和资源利用效率,但光合作用和茄子产量的降低幅度很高。解决方案是重新设计SG,以增加UV和PAR的渗透率,同时保持对温室热量吸收的阻止。
更新日期:2020-08-29
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