A sustainable biochar strategies on increasing crop yield and mitigating CH₄ emissions over successive years is unknown. Thus, on-site equivalent rice straw biochar-returning (ERSC, biochar at 2.8 t ha⁻¹ annual) were compared with on-site equivalent rice straw- returning (RS, rice straw at 8 t ha⁻¹ annual) and high application rate biochar-returning (RSCH, biochar at 22.5 t ha⁻¹ only in the first year). The RS and RSCH treatments increased rice production by 10.1% and 11.8% on average, respectively. The ERSC treatment continually increased rice production by 8.0%, 1.6% and 7.3% in three successive years. The ERSC treatment had a cumulative effect on the soil nutrients phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and magnesium (Mg), as well as increasing total carbon (TC) and total nitrogen (TN) and continuously reducing the effect of soil available aluminum (Al). The RS treatment significantly promoted CH₄ emissions while the ERSC treatment reduced methane emissions by 43%, 31% and 30% and the RSCH treatment reduced methane emissions by 52%, 22% and14% in three successive years. Compared with RSCH, ERSC showed the best long-term stable effect on methane emission mitigation in three successive years. This might result from the fact that fresh biochar promoted anaerobic oxidation of methane. This research gives us scientific evidence that an on-site equivalent rice straw biochar-returning strategy may be a promising method for sustaining rice production and mitigating methane emissions.

连续几年无法提高作物产量和减少CH ₄排放的可持续生物炭策略。因此，将现场等效的稻草秸秆还田（ERSC，每年2.8 t ha ^-1的生物炭）与现场等效的稻草秸秆还田（RS，每年8 t ha ^-1的稻草）进行比较生物炭返还率（RSCH，生物炭为22.5 t ha ^-1仅在第一年）。RS和RSCH处理分别使水稻产量平均提高了10.1％和11.8％。ERSC处理连续三年连续增加水稻产量8.0％，1.6％和7.3％。ERSC处理对土壤养分中的磷（P），钾（K）和镁（Mg）具有累积作用，并且增加了总碳（TC）和总氮（TN）并不断降低了可用土壤的影响铝（Al）。RS治疗显着促进CH ₄ERSC处理连续三年分别减少了43％，31％和30％的甲烷排放，RSCH处理减少了52％，22％和14％的甲烷排放。与RSCH相比，ERSC连续三年显示出对缓解甲烷排放的最佳长期稳定效果。这可能是由于新鲜的生物炭促进了甲烷的厌氧氧化。这项研究为我们提供了科学依据，即现场采用等效的稻草秸秆还炭策略可能是维持稻米生产和减少甲烷排放的有前途的方法。